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Item type:Publication, Salience, Self-Salience, and Discursive Opportunities(IGI Global, 2020-01-01)Peruvian electoral campaigning, centered on the candidate and lacking a significant connection with contention politics occurring in years previous to the poll, is a very diverse exercise, trying to achieve success through a variety of actions while facing a common-sense interpretation of politics as unreliable and not trustworthy. This fixes an agenda from which candidates have to develop their campaigns, focused on convincing others of their commitment to specific groups and willingness to change whatever does not directly affect each specific constituency that is being appealed to for voting. This behavior is replicated even in Facebook, where candidates try to fix their own issues as salient, but usually failing to respond to the media-set agenda. The potential effectiveness of social media, particularly Facebook, would rest in using discursive opportunities emerging during the campaign to construct self-salience, countering the biases of conventional media. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Perceived value as a mediating variable in the theory of planned behavior: Application to the intention of completing a Master of Business Administration(EconJournals, 2020-07-10)The objective of this research is to evaluate the intention to carry out an MBA in the Ecuadorian context through the model proposed by Azjen (1991); including the perceived value; as a mediating variable among the constructs (attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) and intention. The research was framed in a quantitative perspective, with a cross section. The estimation of the model was made, through the multivariate statistical technique of structural equations, in order to evaluate the relationships between constructs. The analyzed population were undergraduate students from all the Universities of Ecuador, of which a sample of 756 students was surveyed. It was evident that all the hypothetical relationships established in the proposed model are significant with respect to the intention to carry out an MBA. The perceived value for completing an MBA influences the intention to complete an MBA by 0.894. Likewise, the perceived value was evaluated as a mediating variable, concluding in accordance with what was proposed by Ato and Vallejo (2011), which meets the different processes for verification. Finally, the correlations between attitude, subjective norms and control perception were reported to be significant. In addition, the R2 of the dependent variables was determined, hence, the intention to carry out an MBA reported 79.9%; Similarly, the perceived value was determined, obtaining 65.5%.Keywords: Theory of Planned Behavior (TCP); Perceived value; MBA graduate studies; Structural equations.JEL Classifications: M14, M20, M30DOI: 10.32479/irmm.9866 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Relationship between Transformational Leadership Style and Voice Behaviour(Inderscience Publishers, 2020-01-01)The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of the transformational leadership (TL) style on voice behaviour (VB) under circumstances that do not promote proactive behaviour on the society. In addition, this research explored the moderator effect of the follower gender and type of company on the TL-VB relationship. This was a quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional study. Data were analysed using structural equations modelling. The results showed that TL has a direct, positive and significant effect on VB, but the follower's gender and type of company have no significant effect on the TL-VB relationship. Future research should consider a broad type of organisation, and include moderating variables related to the follower's personality and the corporate ethical environment. Also, future's studies should investigate the influence of TL on VB at territories with different levels of DP and UA, and to compare the effects due the mentioned context differences. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Collective Effervescence, Self-Transcendence, and Gender Differences in Social Well-Being During 8 March Demonstrations(Frontiers Media S.A., 2020-12-11)8 March (8M), now known as International Women’s Day, is a day for feminist claims where demonstrations are organized in over 150 countries, with the participation of millions of women all around the world. These demonstrations can be viewed as collective rituals and thus focus attention on the processes that facilitate different psychosocial effects. This work aims to explore the mechanisms (i.e., behavioral and attentional synchrony, perceived emotional synchrony, and positive and transcendent emotions) involved in participation in the demonstrations of 8 March 2020, collective and ritualized feminist actions, and their correlates associated with personal well-being (i.e., affective well-being and beliefs of personal growth) and collective well-being (i.e., social integration variables: situated identity, solidarity and fusion), collective efficacy and collective growth, and behavioral intention to support the fight for women’s rights. To this end, a cross-cultural study was conducted with the participation of 2,854 people (age 18–79; M = 30.55; SD = 11.66) from countries in Latin America (Mexico, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador) and Europe (Spain and Portugal), with a retrospective correlational cross-sectional design and a convenience sample. Participants were divided between demonstration participants (n = 1,271; 94.0% female) and non-demonstrators or followers who monitored participants through the media and social networks (n = 1,583; 75.87% female). Compared with non-demonstrators and with males, female and non-binary gender respondents had greater scores in mechanisms and criterion variables. Further random-effects model meta-analyses revealed that the perceived emotional synchrony was consistently associated with more proximal mechanisms, as well as with criterion variables. Finally, sequential moderation analyses showed that proposed mechanisms successfully mediated the effects of participation on every criterion variable. These results indicate that participation in 8M marches and demonstrations can be analyzed through the literature on collective rituals. As such, collective participation implies positive outcomes both individually and collectively, which are further reinforced through key psychological mechanisms, in line with a Durkheimian approach to collective rituals. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The effects of social capital and psychological resilience on employees' positive work attitudes(Inderscience Publishers, 2020-01-01)This study analyses the antecedents and consequence of employees' psychological resilience (PR) in the workplace. We first examined the three dimensions of the effects of social capital (structural, relational and cognitive) on employees' PR. Then, we tested the effects of PR on employees' positive work attitudes. A cross-sectional survey data from 204 employees working in an Iranian state-owned organisation supports the positive effects of three dimensions of employees' social capital on their psychological resilience. We also found that PR contributes to increasing positive work attitudes toward the achievement of organisational goals among employees. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication(SAGE Publishing, 2020-04-01)Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives—an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective—offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample ( N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, The effect of family supportive supervisor behaviors and work-family culture on turnover intention and work-family conflict(Growing Science, 2021-01-01)The of this research was to look into the work-life interface of professionals in a de-manding and high-risk occupation in an organization in the security sector. Specifically, it focuses on the interaction between supervisor behaviors and culture with turnover intention and work-family conflict. The present study centers on data from a public security organization (3861) in a Latin American country. The validity of the measuring instruments was evaluated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was then applied to evaluate the relationship between variables. Results found show a statistically significant negative impact of the supervisor behaviors in organizational (turnover intention) and individual outcomes (work-family conflict). At the same time, organizational culture negatively affects turnover intentions and work-family conflict. While confirming results coming from the private sector in other countries, the importance of supervisor behaviors and culture provides implications for work and family practices in this type of organization. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Affective interpersonal touch in close relationships: a cross-cultural perspective(SAGE Publications Inc., 2021-12-01)Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ideology, sexism, and beliefs about sexual violence in Peruvian university students and future police officers(2021-08-19)e main objective of the present study is to establish a comparison between ideology (RWA and SDO), ambivalent sexism and beliefs about sexual violence, in a sample of Peruvian trainee from a police officer school (n = 81) and university students (n = 196). In addition, as a specific objective, it seeks to explore the relationships between the mentioned variables. e results showed significant differences between the groups at the level of the RWA (Right Wing Authoritarianism) ideological variable and the Subordination of women dimension of the Beliefs about Sexual Violence variable. Likewise, the structural model shows that the variables RWA and SDO (Social Dominance Orientation) have an impact on the dimensions of beliefs about sexual violence: Attribution of blame to women, Subordination of women and Exaggeration of women, having as mediators Benevolent and Hostile Sexism. e results show that beliefs about sexual violence in the sample of this study link to sexism and these, in turn, to ideology; however, the routes in which these beliefs are configured vary between police trainee and university students. Higher levels of RWA are observed in police trainee, an ideological indicator that, in this sample, paradoxically tends to be inversely related to sexism and beliefs about sexual violence against women that blame and subordinate them. Regarding the path of social dominance, this also directly relates to both expressions of benevolent and hostile sexism, although with greater predominance with the second, appealing to sex as a structural element on which this ideological component is established
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