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Item type:Publication, Direct numerical simulations of two-phase fluids interface in 2D rotating drums using a coupled VOF–IBM numerical approach(Begell House Inc., 2024-01-01)Rotating drums play important roles in numerous industrial applications, such as mineral processing. This work is focused on the numerical study of the interface evolution in liquid–liquid and liquid–gas phase rotating drums. A new coupling strategy between volume of fluid (VOF) and immersed boundary method (IBM) approaches is developed. Relevant dimensionless numbers, including Reynolds, Froude, and Bond numbers, alongside viscosity and density ratios, are considered for the flow pattern characterization. Direct numerical simulations are performed in order to explore flow regimes within the rotating drum, addressing a gap in the literature concerning less-explored flow patterns, particularly in the rotating drum containing liquid–liquid phases. The flow pattern families characterizing rotating drums carrying liquid–liquid phases found in this study are (i) gravity stratified, (ii) mixing, (iii) annular, and (iv) rotation stratified flows. Additionally, the characteristic flow pattern families, gravity stratified, (ii) pool, (iii) annular with pool, and (iv) annular flows, are identified in rotating drums carrying liquid–gas phases. The difference in the transitory responses between the rotating drum featuring liquid–liquid and liquid–gas phases is also shown and discussed. The main results highlight significant contributions for understanding the dynamics of rotating drums, particularly concerning the transitional interface development. By identifying new flow patterns and exploring transitional phenomena, this study enriches the understanding of complex fluid behavior within rotating drum configurations. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Qualitative and quantitative analyses of particulate flows in rotating drums using a DEM-based approach(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024-10-01)In mineral processing, ore grinding is an energy-intensive process. Tumbling mills used in grinding processes can be accounted for as rotating drums with liners. As part of an effort to evaluate ways of reducing energy consumption in such systems, therefore, particulate flows in rotating drums are studied in this work. More specifically, using a new DEM tool, which is one of the modules of a larger in-house computational package called CFLOWSS, particulate flows in rotating drums are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The results from such analyses are compared with experimental ones and other numerical results obtained using a commercial DEM software. In qualitative terms, the CFLOWSS results show a relatively good agreement with experimental photographs previously taken in a laboratory. In quantitative terms, in turn, the CFLOWSS predictions show a strong correspondence with those ones made by the commercial software. For instance, the relative discrepancies of the boxplots’ medians associated with the number of contacts, power, and forces predicted by both (in-house and commercial) tools present values smaller than 8%. At a 60 RPM drum rotation velocity, indeed, the number of contacts related discrepancies reach values as low as 0.8%. Some of the contributions of this work involve (i) the development of a new DEM tool capable of realistically describing particulate flows in rotating drums, and (ii) the use of statistical treatments to quantitatively analyze DEM results. This last aspect is important because this sort of assessments provides an improved way to analyze the behavior of particulate flows.