3. Producción
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Item type:Publication, The challenges of wastewater reuse in Peru(Científica del Sur University, 2020-01-01)En el Per y, en particular, en la provincia de Lima se observa una situacin de mayor demanda hdrica y menor disponibilidad a causa de diversos factores, como son la distribucin asimtrica del recurso, el crecimiento demogrfico acelerado, los altos niveles de contaminacin de las aguas superficiales y subterrneas, entre otros, lo cual genera una situacin de escasez hdrica. Ante tal escenario, surge la imperiosa necesidad de implementar recursos alternativos a fin de generar una fuente adicional de suministro hdrico, que permita reducir la presin que se ejerce sobre las fuentes naturales y mejorar la calidad de los cuerpos receptores de agua, debido a la depuracin de las aguas residuales. En tal contexto, el presente artculo tiene por objeto dar alcances y propuestas frente a las siguientes interrogantes: cul es la solucin legislativa que se ha dado al problema de la contaminacin de las aguas en el pas, principalmente las aguas residuales de origen domstico sin depurar? y cul es la importancia de considerar a las aguas residuales tratadas como fuente de agua alternativa? En concreto, su finalidad estriba en el anlisis jurdico de la reutilizacin de las aguas residuales tratadas en el Per, a partir de una revisin del ordenamiento normativo que establece los aspectos tcnicos administrativos de su regulacin y gestin, en aras de mostrar su rgimen especial. Pero, previo a ello, resulta conveniente realizar un anlisis de las recomendaciones elaboradas por la Organizacin para la Cooperacin y el Desarrollo Econmico (OCDE) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Proposal for used electronic products management in Mexicali(Elsevier Inc., 2022-05-01)Mexicali, a Mexican city located near the US-Mexico border, has faced several challenges related to adopting an integrated e-waste management system. Thus, the main objective of this work is to propose a new system to be implemented in phases. The current system is evaluated using several methodological approaches including field studies, surveys, interviews, and quantitative modeling via material flow analysis. We suggest the need to properly integrate both the formal and informal sectors to achieve the optimal system that mitigates environmental impacts while preserving the positive social and economic traits of the current system. Thus, without supplanting the current reuse, refurbishment, repair and maintenance practices, a hybrid system is proposed, based on a centralized facility that primarily handles those parts or materials that create environmental impacts and health hazards if mishandled. Furthermore, a decentralized transition phase toward the new system is recommended. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Carbon and Water Conservation Value of Independent, Place-Based Repair in Lima, Peru(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-06-01)To what extent do repair and maintenance of consumer electronics conserve the materials and energy they embody? In this paper we examine the conservation value of a cluster of independent third-party electronics repair businesses in Lima, Peru. Drawing on a combination of methods that include fieldwork, digital methods for online sociology, and life cycle assessment (LCA) of phones and tablets we quantify the conservation value of typical repairs performed at businesses in this cluster in terms of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) and water consumption relative to new manufactures of the same categories of electronics. We model typical repair scenarios and find that repair can offer substantial conservation benefits. However, these benefits vary by device sub-unit repaired (e.g., replacing a camera vs. replacing a display). For example, while two screen repairs through replacement is nearly equivalent to replacement with a whole new device, repairing with components that are already in the market could save around 10% of total emissions in global warming potential (GWP) for both devices. Further, we discuss the politics of attributing the conservation value achieved by the third-party repair cluster in Lima to either domestic (that is, Peruvian) or foreign CO2e and water consumption. Whose conservation of CO2e and water is this? How do the answers to that question shape understandings of the relevance of location for industrial ecology? Our work contributes to the emerging subfield of political industrial ecology and its incorporation of spatially explicit LCAs.