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Item type:Publication, Efficient beam-based model for reinforced concrete walls considering shear-flexure interaction(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-09-15)This paper presents an efficient beam-based modelling scheme for the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete structural walls. The model combines a force-based beam element with a fibre section for flexural response and a zero-length element for shear response. The fibre-based element simulates the nonlinear flexural behaviour through uniaxial material laws that account for concrete cracking, concrete crushing, and yielding and rupture of reinforcing bars. The zero-length element represents the shear behaviour with a trilinear lateral force-displacement curve representing, in a phenomenological way, nonlinear deformations caused by diagonal cracking. The reduction of shear resistance caused by inelastic flexural deformations is accounted for in the model to reproduce failures due to shear-flexure interaction. The model has been validated using data from 52 tests on wall specimens exhibiting flexure, shear and mixed shear-flexure modes from experimental campaigns reported in the literature, showing good accuracy in predicting the effective stiffness, maximum strength and displacement capacities obtained in the tests. Model results for ultimate displacement capacity correlate better with experimental results than simplified code-oriented expressions in performance-based evaluation standards and recommendations. Considering its balanced accuracy and computational efficiency, it is concluded that the proposed modelling scheme can effectively be used for performance-based seismic design and assessment of RC wall buildings. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Seismic Performance Assessment of RC Wall Buildings with Low Boundary Confinement using a Nonlinear Beam-Based Model(Elsevier, 2026-07-12)The performance and safety of modern reinforced concrete (RC) wall buildings with limited boundary confinement remains uncertain in countries with evolving design practices and moderate-to-high seismicity. This paper presents a numerical assessment of their seismic response through nonlinear analyses conducted on 20 code-conforming prototype buildings, developed after examining typical design and detailing characteristics of RC wall buildings constructed in Peru between 2010 and 2023. The analyses employed an efficient beam-based modelling approach for walls that accounts for axial–shear–flexure interaction, previously validated with experimental data. The nonlinear static analyses show ultimate roof drift ratios with an average of 1.35% (ranging from 0.85% to 2.53%) and overstrength ratios with an average of 2.43 (ranging from 1.78 to 3.54), indicating moderate deformation capacity with significant variability across building heights, with failure primarily governed by concrete crushing at wall boundaries under flexural deformations. Their limited displacement capacity is attributed to high axial load ratios, slender wall geometries, low aspect ratios, reduced confinement zones, and low transverse reinforcement ratios. For the design basis earthquake (DBE), displacements obtained from nonlinear dynamic analyses exceeded code expectations by an average factor of 1.6, with displacement demand/capacity ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.83. Under the maximum considered earthquake (MCE), an average displacement demand/capacity ratio of 0.90 was reached, and multiple buildings experienced global failure. These results suggest that code-based designs may underestimate seismic demands, leading to insufficient seismic joints, greater damage to structural and non-structural elements, and increased collapse risk. The findings provide insight into the vulnerability of RC wall buildings with low boundary confinement in Peru and across other Latin American countries with similar design practices and seismic hazard.