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Item type:Publication, Necesidad de una protección adecuada a los defensores y defensoras de derechos humanos ambientales(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2022)The threats due to illegal logging, illegal mining, illegal agriculture and illicit cultivation of coca come together in the Amazon and in Peru. Such activities daily increase environmental defenders’ vulnerability level. They are subject to aggressions when defending and protecting their lands and natural resources. This panorama has been aggravated by the arrival of the pandemic and was complemented by incentive to extractive and infrastructure activities, resulting in the continuity of socio-environmental conflicts, such as escalation of violence and criminalization of environmental defenders. Murders have increased and have been reported by various international and domestic organizations, despite progress in the justice and environment sectors. Therefore, there is need for adequate implementation of various existing tools and also for the Congress of the Republic to ratify the Escazú Agreement, the first environmental treaty containing provisions for effective protection of these people. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, New extractivism, foreign investment and inclusive development: reclaiming participatory gender equality in Peru(Routledge, 2022-01-01)The paper evaluates the effectiveness of citizen participation in environmental management, specifically, in relation to the process of evaluation of environmental impact assessment studies of large-scale mining projects in Peru. It is analysed if these mechanisms are equally inclusive of female and male voices; identifies the barriers that women face in these deliberative spaces and assess what the government is doing to reduce gender based exclusions. The paper argues that, although according to Peruvian environmental and mining law, participatory spaces are aimed to include citizens’ voices; they end up reinforcing domination and control as they mainly operate to facilitate a rapid expedition of environmental licenses in mining projects rather than truly foster spaces of dialogue, consensus and political inclusion. For the most part, such mechanisms have also been blind to the gendered impacts of extractivism. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Increasing production efficiency of irrigation systems through stakeholder participation(IWA Publishing, 2022-06-01)Irrigation projects have elicited ambiguous views, if not outright animosity, during the past four decades. Aside from environmental and relocation concerns, low productivity is a source of criticism. Irrigation management systems in developing countries seem to have historically underperformed due to government control. Weak institutional arrangements have hindered effective and timely water distribution. There is widespread dissatisfaction with technocratic top-down programmes imposed with little community support. A rising recognition that more advanced engineering and information technologies are not the primary drivers of increased irrigation potential utilisation has resulted in an emphasis on farmer-led irrigation. Many developing countries have introduced reform instruments since the 1980s, with the most notable paradigm being a move from government control to participative management by stakeholders. This study looks into the situation in Cambodia where participation of farmers in managing irrigation schemes is being sought through the formation of Farmers Water Users Committees. The study quantifies the improvement in project performance with farmers’ participation through Farmers Water Users Committees and finds it significant. Furthermore, using difference-in-difference methodology, this research finds that the improvement is not a blip and is sustained over the medium term. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The role of citizenship in the protection of wetlands: Comparative analysis of three urban wetlands in Chile, Colombia, and Peru(Springer, 2024-01-01)Latin America leads the loss of wetlands worldwide and urbanization is one of the main causes of this change. The cases of the Aconcagua wetlands in Chile, La Ciénaga de Mallorquín in Colombia, and Pantanos de Villa in Peru are examples of the loss of Latin American urban wetlands in the last 20 years. In response to this situation, various initiatives have emerged to protect these three wetlands, which have involved the adoption of forms of territorial governance associating the public sector, the private sector, and civil society. The aim of the chapter is to analyze the role of citizenship in the protection of these three wetlands, with the aim of contributing to the construction of more resilient cities. Using semi-structured interviews conducted with local actors, the results show that, despite the differences between the governance mechanisms in the three cases, coordination between stakeholders and citizen participation are perceived as deficient. The interviewees propose to establish working tables with representatives from all sectors and productive dialogue instances and highlight the lack of participation of the neighboring communities of these wetlands. These communities are subaltern groups, as they are also the most socioeconomically vulnerable, and occupy, for the most part, the territory informally. Their participation, as well as motivating their interest in participating, is key to ensuring the protection of these spaces. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Participatory foresight in subnational policy processes: two experiences in Peru(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2026-01-01)This paper aims to illustrate the challenges faced by efforts to institutionalize participatory foresight as a regular component of policymaking processes in a developing country, based on the analysis of a country case (Peru) where national-level rules and guidelines have incorporated participatory foresight in policymaking and planning processes at the subnational level. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory research on the challenges faced when institutionalizing participatory foresight in policy processes, carried out as a case study of two relevant, official experiences at the subnational level in Peru. In-depth interviews, a survey of regional officials and literature review are used. Findings There have been significant regulatory advances; national officials seem committed to strengthening participatory foresight; and rules are being applied in regional planning processes and educational policy frameworks. However, the broader institutionalization of participatory foresight in a democratic context is incipient. Significant challenges are found within the operation of the national planning system, which sets rules and guidelines for incorporating participatory foresight, and also pertaining to participatory practices in general and the state–society relationship. Research limitations/implications This exploratory research, while addressing the early stages of institutionalization of participatory foresight in policymaking within a democratic context, sheds light on the types of challenges that should be addressed when designing and implementing policies and rules for expanding such practices in a developing country. Practical implications Findings suggest that making participatory foresight viable as a regular practice in policymaking not only requires changes in national planning systems, capacity building in subnational governments and adjustments at the methodological level, but also requires addressing weaknesses in overall participatory practices and state?society links in democratic settings. Social implications In an era of growing dissatisfaction with democracy in Latin America, participatory foresight could offer a way to incorporate citizens' aspirations and knowledge into policymaking. However, it is still not a widespread practice, and there is scarce evidence regarding how to make it work. This research highlights the challenges faced in Peru, and that may be faced when incorporating participatory foresight as policy in other developing countries. Originality/value In an era of growing dissatisfaction with democracy in Latin America, participatory foresight could offer a way to incorporate citizens' aspirations and knowledge into policymaking. However, it is still not a widespread practice. Recent academic literature finds that the “evidence base on foresight-use in policy-making is still largely anecdotal” (Reilly-King et al., 2024), and this study provides evidence from an ongoing case that can bring valuable evidence for decision-makers and researchers. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Megaprojects Observed: The Extractivist Hiding Hand at Resource Peripheries(SAGE Publishing, 2025-04-14)Mining operations are often presented to society as comprehensive megaprojects for development. But is that truly the case? How are their environmental impacts anticipated and regulated? Located in the impoverished southern Andes of Peru, the Las Bambas mine accounts for about 2% of global copper production. In contrast to Albert Hirschman's classic theory of the Hiding Hand in economic development, this mine represents a project where initial ignorance of risks is not necessarily counterbalanced by creative solutions from state officials later on. We examine the processes of environmental regulation and assess the creativity in public policy. The significant alterations to the project and its Environmental Impact Assessment, made without mandatory citizen participation, have contributed to growing social discontent. An Extractivist Hiding Hand ensures the development of resources but little else. In this context, creativity and state capacity are deployed to conceal environmental injustices.2