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Item type:Publication, Reduced synaptic plasticity and E/I imbalance drive peripersonal space boundaries expansion in schizophrenia(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2024-07-23)Abnormal encoding of peripersonal space (PPS) is believed to affect bodily self disruptions in schizophrenia (SCZ). Empirical studies show that SCZ patients exhibit a narrower PPS than controls but maintain its plasticity. Computational research links this smaller PPS to increased excitation of sensory neurons and reduced feedforward synaptic density. However, it is unclear how such differences influence learning during the expansion of PPS boundaries. We hypothesise that Hebbian plasticity can account for PPS expansion after active tool use training. To explore the effect of such mechanisms on PPS plasticity, we developed a SCZ network model which was fit to behavioural data before and after tool manipulation. We found that PPS expansion occurs in spite of E/I imbalance or reduced synaptic density, but does not match the post-training PPS representation of patients. A better fit was obtained after altering plasticity by either reducing the learning rate, increasing the forgetting rate or increasing the plasticity threshold. We discuss our findings in terms of dysfunctional plasticity in SCZ and highlight the key challenges in identifying the neurobiological correlates of reduced plasticity within PPS networks. Because current empirical data supports multiple viable mechanisms, we propose experiments to distinguish between the proposed plasticity accounts and clarify mixed findings on PPS representation in SCZ. Graphical Highlights Using a peripersonal space network model, we found that PPS expansion after tool-use occurs in spite of E/I imbalance or reduced synaptic density. Reduced feedforward synaptic plasticity is required to match the post-training PPS representation of patients. Such reduction of synaptic plasticity could be achieved by either reducing the learning rate, increasing the forgetting rate or increasing the plasticity threshold relative to a healthy control model. Our model predicts that measuring PPS at intermediate time points during a longer stimulation protocol would help distinguish between these plasticity differences. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Development of a Citrus Drink Using Mixture Design: Sensory Evaluation, Total Polyphenols and Vitamin C(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025)The development of beverages with functional potential and maximum sensory acceptability are priorities for the food industry. This study investigated the effect of orange juice (OJ), lemon juice (LJ) and ginger juice (GJ) concentrations on overall acceptability (OA), total phenic compounds (TPC) and vitamin C (VC). The experimental design used was simplex-centroid mixtures, and maximization was achieved using response Surface methodology (RSM). The bioactive content of TPC and VC was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the dichlorophenol indophenol method, respectively; sensory evaluation was conducted with 100 panelists on a continuous scale acceptability primer (0-10 points). The RSM results indicated that the optimum formulation was obtained with: OJ = 79.8 mL, LJ = 5.7 mL and GJ = 4.37 mL, yielding maximum values of OA = 6.81 points, TPC = 14.64 mg GAE/100 g and VC = 32.3 mg/mL. The optimized beverage presented a free radical scavenging capacity of 65.72% (DPPH method). The regression models were validated and significantly (p < 0.05) predicted sensory acceptability, total phenolic compounds and vitamin C content. The development of this beverage and its potential application in the food industry is attractive due to its high sensory acceptability and bioactive content.3