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Item type:Publication, Cambios transformacionales para alcanzar los objetivos de la visión para la diversidad biológica al 2050(2020-01-01)Objetivo: con este artículo se busca recomendar la implementación, a nivel mundial, de cambios transformacionales o transformadores necesarios para alcanzar los objetivos de la visión para la diversidad biológica al 2050. Metodología: se analizaron los resultados de evaluaciones globales sobre la diversidad biológica como la “Evaluación Mundial sobre la Diversidad Biológica y los Servicios de los Ecosistemas” de IPBES” y las “Perspectivas del Medio Ambiente Mundial, GEO 6: Planeta sano, personas sanas” del PNUMA, entre otros, y artículos científicos relacionados, en el marco general de la teoría del cambio (ToC). Hallazgo: los resultados de aplicación de los documentos de planificación mundial, para detener las tasas de extinción aceleradas de especies y de ecosistemas y del desarrollo sostenible, plasmadas en las Metas de Aichi de la Estrategia para la Diversidad Biológica al 2020 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible al 2030, muestran logros débiles. Conclusión: se requieren cambios transformadores drásticos para alcanzar los objetivos de la visión para la diversidad biológica al 2050 que se complementen con acciones como reducción de la inequidad, la eliminación de las externalidades negativas para el capital natural, la buena gobernanza, la implementación de incentivos, reducciones tributarias, impuestos como estrategias económicas, el fomento al comercio justo y la economía circular - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Screening for aberrant school performances in high-stakes assessments using in influential analysis(Inderscience Publishers, 2020-01-01)A method is proposed to screen for aberrant school performances in large-scale, high-stakes assessments using influential analysis under a Bayesian approach. Proportions of low and high achievers within a school were modelled via the beta inflated mean regression model (Bayes and Valdivieso, 2016) using school performances in previous years as predictors. The general measure of ϕ-divergence proposed by Peng and Dey (1995) was used to determine aberrancy. A simulation study revealed that the method could recover previously distorted school performances as aberrant. The proposed technique was applied to a Peruvian national reading assessment in grade 4th of primary education for which the government provided a school performance incentive bonus. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Locational factors and the reindustrialisation process in the USA; Reshoring from China(Inderscience Publishers, 2020-01-01)The main goal of this paper is to analyse the influence of locational factors on the reindustrialisation process in the USA through reshoring from China. The applicability of traditional location theories and their locational factors are also examined here. This paper evaluates the development of labour cost, agglomeration effect, land cost, and raw material cost over recent years as factors encouraging the reindustrialisation process. Transportation cost and the impact of political institutions offer contrasting pictures. While high intermodal freight costs in the US and an appreciating Yuan promote the reindustrialisation process, low ocean shipping costs and enormous business incentives in China weaken the positive effects. All in all, it is concluded that most locational factors have changed in favourable ways for the USA and thus made manufacturing in the USA comparatively more attractive. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Propuesta de drawback diferenciado en el Perú(2023-01-01)Currently there is a tax benefit of a customs nature to encourage the export of national or nationalized products, which meet three substantial requirements: a) the import of inputs and the payment of 100% of customs duties, b) the incorporation of said inputs to the productive process carried out directly or indirectly by the beneficiary and c) the export of said goods, consigning code 13 in box 7.28 of the DAM; that is to say, the manifestation of will of the beneficiary to take advantage of said regime. However, said benefit is granted with the same flat return rate to all companies, without taking into account criteria such as: a) size of the companies, b) experience in the market and c) needs for tax incentives. For this reason, in this article a differentiated Drawback proposal is analyzed, establishing a higher return rate for micro and small companies, and a lower return rate for large companies, in strict application of the principle of vertical equality in tax matters, but in the opposite direction, greater benefits should be applied to taxpayers with less economic capacity and less benefits to taxpayers with greater economic capacity. Based on said proposal, it will be possible to grant greater tax incentives to micro and small exporters, with the purpose that said income, unaffected by income tax, be used to improve their competitive capacity in international markets and thus increase the export capacity of micro and small companies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Conservation Incentive Policies That Benefit People, Forests, and Climate: A Case from Peru(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2023-01-01) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Regulatory Displacement: How Sanctioned Municipalities Shift Bureaucratic Burdens in Peru(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2026-01-01) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Recent tax reforms in Peru: macro-sectoral evaluation with a computable general equilibrium model(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2025-01-01)5