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Item type:Publication, A new approach for ranking efficient DMUs with data envelopment analysis(Emerald, 2020-07-02)Purpose: Classical models of data envelopment analysis (DEA) calculate the efficiency of decision-making units do not differentiate between efficient units. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for ranking efficient units and compare it with the other methods presented in this field. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, a new method is presented for ranking efficient units. To validate the proposed method, a real case, which was studied by Li et al. (2016) is examined and the rankings of the efficient units are compared with four other methods including the Andersen and Petersen’s super-efficiency, game theory and the concept of Shapley value and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution methods. Findings: The results show that there is a high correlation between the rankings of efficient units obtained by the new proposed method and the other methods such as Andersen and Petersen’s super-efficiency, game theory and Shapley value methods. Originality/value: The problem of ranking efficient units with the DEA method is an important issue for researchers. Extensive studies have been proposed to provide methods for ranking efficient units. This paper proposes a simple and fast method for ranking efficient units that achieves better results. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, An introduction to data envelopment analysis(Springer Science+Business Media, 2021-12-11)Following the seminal work of Farrell (1957), Charnes et al. (1978) introduced DEA as a deterministic and nonparametric efficiency evaluation tool. DEA is a linear programming-based technique that has been widely accepted as a competing methodology to evaluate the relative efficiency of entities or decision-making units, DMUs (Charles et al., 2016, 2018; Tsolas et al., 2020). DEA is a data-oriented technique (Zhu, 2020) that is used to construct an empirical production frontier to measure efficiency. Note that the original DEA program of Charnes et al. (1978) is based on the CRS specification of technology and is used to measure the technical and scale efficiency of DMUs. However, Banker et al. (1984) extended this program to the case of VRS to estimate purely technical efficiency. Over the past three decades, DEA has been widely used to evaluate the relative efficiency of production firms, the nature of the returns-to-scale, and the productivity changes. The DEA literature has seen a wide variety of applications across a plethora of domains, having become a powerful management science tool (Charles et al., 2018). In this chapter, we briefly review the fundamental concepts in DEA, along with the basic technologies and programs. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Risk, competition, efficiency and its interrelationships: evidence from the Chinese banking industry(Emerald, 2021-10-20)This study investigates the interrelationships between efficiency, competition and risk in the Chinese banking industry. Design/methodology/approach: Parametric stochastic frontier analysis is used to estimate bank efficiency; the Lerner index is used as the competition indicator; accounting ratios and a translog function are used to measure different types of risk and finally, the three-stage least square estimator is used to investigate the interrelationships. Findings: The results of this study show that the impact of competition on different types of risk is significant and positive, while there is a significant and positive impact of credit risk, liquidity risk and capital risk on bank competition. In addition, the findings demonstrate that the interrelationships between efficiency and competition are significant and negative. The authors do not find any robust interrelationships between different types of risk and different types of efficiency; the authors find that diversification and higher levels of profitability reduce bank credit risk. The results suggest that a higher developed banking sector reduces the level of bank competition in China. Originality/value: This is the first piece of research that comprehensively investigates the interrelationships between different types of risk, competition and different efficiencies in China. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Managing manufacturing efficiency using the concept of automation with human touch(Inderscience Publishers, 2021-01-01)In the era of what is called Industry 4.0, information technologies become a crucial aspect for increasing productivity in the manufacturing sector. They require a certain level of electronic integration with processes and machines in the production plant in order to get relevant data. The of this paper is to analyse the convenience of the concept of automation with human touch, as an alternative approach for developing information systems based on data obtained partially from a manual source (human machine interaction). The case of Mentor Monitor is used for this purpose. It is argued that the concept allows to reduce implementation costs and technology complexity. At the same time, reliable data can be achieved for key performance indicators such as overall efficiency equipment (OEE) and specific energy consumption (SEC). It is also discussed the need for finding mechanisms for preventing error in manual data. Mentor Monitor is an information system developed by Calidad Total Mecatrónic and Universidad La Salle-Arequipa, with the support of Innovate Peru. It was tested at the bottling plant facilities of Industrias San Miguel del Sur, during the first half of 2017 in Arequipa, Peru. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Evaluating efficiency in construction projects with the TOPSIS model and NDEA method considering environmental effects and undesirable data(Springer Science+Business Media, 2021-05-30)Today, project stakeholders seek to reduce the total costs and durations of projects while increasing their quality levels. Also, the governments have paid more attention to the environmental effects of projects. This study tackles the time–cost–quality-environmental effects trade-off project scheduling problem. Various activity execution modes are evaluated using the network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) method to select the best modes in order to mitigate the environmental impacts, along with reducing the duration and cost of project implementation and enhancing the overall quality of the project. The method of ideal and anti-ideal virtual units is applied to rank the efficient execution modes. In addition, the TOPSIS method is utilized to rank the different execution modes of each activity. Finally, the results of two methods are compared. The findings show that the selection of an efficient execution mode for each activity leads to a trade-off between the four project objectives including time, cost, quality, environmental impacts. The shortest project duration and the lowest total project cost were obtained using the NDEA-Nuo method, the highest quality level was gained by the NDEA-INP method, and the minimum environmental impacts of the entire project were attained by the TOPSIS method. Also, the lowest amount of resource consumption was obtained using the TOPSIS method, so that the daily consumption amount of each resource was less than the other two methods. As a result, the project management team can apply either the NDEA or TOPSIS method based on the organizational policy. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The performance of regional governments under the results-based budgeting framework: A two-stage sectoral analysis(EDP Sciences, 2022-03-01)The results-based budgeting (RBB) framework is a public management strategy in which economic resources are allocated to certain budget programs, oriented towards delivering specific products and results to the population. The present paper analyzes the regional governmentsa' efficiency in using their economic resources, under the RBB framework, with an application to the Peruvian context. To this end, we employ a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model with bootstrapping. In the first stage, different sectors of the regional governments are considered individually: education, security, health, sanitation, transportation, and recreation. In the second stage, the overall efficiency index is calculated using the sectoral indices obtained in the first stage. Finally, the factors or determinants influencing the level of efficiency are analyzed. The results show improvements in efficiency levels in the areas of health and sanitation, to the detriment of the rest of the sectors. The average overall efficiency level over the period 2013-2016 remains in the range of 0.25-0.30, which indicates an inefficiency level of 70%. Finally, the variables fiscal autonomy, capital stock, and population density show a positive relationship with respect to the overall efficiency index. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Market power, social welfare, and efficiency in the Peruvian microfinance(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024-04-01)This study quantifies the social welfare loss caused by market power in Peru’s regulated microfinance industry and analyzes its effect on microfinance institutions’ (MFIs) efficiency from 2003 to 2019. We estimate the efficiency-adjusted Lerner index as a measure of market power and obtain efficiency scores via cost and profit stochastic frontiers estimation using data from a wide panel of MFIs. Additionally, to analyze the effect of market power on the MFI’s efficiency, we estimate a fixed effects model with instrumental variables to correct the endogeneity problem. The results show that the welfare loss due to market power in Peru’s regulated microfinance industry has increased from 0.12% of GDP in 2003 to 0.27% in 2019. It is also found that market power positively affects Peruvian MFIs’ efficiency. Therefore, reducing market power leads to a welfare gain by lowering the social welfare loss (Harberger’s triangle) and a welfare loss due to decreased efficiency in MFIs. However, we find that reducing market power leads to a positive net effect on social welfare due to greater welfare gain than loss. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Performance Evaluation Optimization Model with a Hybrid Approach of NDEA-BSC and Stackelberg Game Theory in the Presence of Bad Data(Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 2023-01-01)The evaluation of organisational performance and internal power is of the most significance for any organisation. The purpose of this paper is to present a hybrid approach using Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA), BSC, and Game Theory to evaluate the performance of decision-making units. To evaluate the efficiency of each decision-making unit, the relationship between different departments within an organisation is modeled based on the BSC indicators (growth and learning perspective, internal processes perspective, customer perspective, and financial perspective). Also, the influence of each of the BSC indicators on the efficiency of the decision-making units is examined using Game Theory and Stackelberg Theory. Moreover, the indicators related to each aspect of the BSC are expressed as input/output to determine performance. The proposed model has been implemented in 15 different cement factories based on the information obtained in 2021. The results reveal that the customer perspective has the greatest impact on the performance of the entire organisation and plays a crucial leading role in the organisation. Among the followers, the perspective of internal processes that is influenced by the leader strategy (customer perspective) is ranked first, and the perspectives of growth, learning, and finance are ranked second, third, and fourth, respectively. This research facilitates managerial decision-making for the optimal allocation of resources to increase the performance and profitability of the organisation. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, AI IN JUSTICE: BALANCING EFFICIENCY AND EXPLICABILITY(Marcial Pons Librero, 2026-01-01)AI systems intended for use in judicial procedure carry a significant commitment to efficiency –understood from an instrumental perspective– for which accurate predictions are paramount. However, if an AI system has this objective, it is inevitable that explicability will inevitably decrease. This means that the program's algorithms are not comprehensible to humans, and often, neither is its output. From an AI ethics standpoint, AI systems applied in the field of justice should possess a significant degree of explicability, yet this compromises efficiency. Therefore, this paper aims to 1) highlight the tension between efficiency and explicability; and 2) argue that, even adopting an AI human-centred approach, opaque systems prioritizing efficiency could be justified, depending on the specific function of the system; specifically, in the greater or lesser degree of interference with the judicial decision that must be justified.1