3. Producción
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Item type:Publication, Reflexión introductoria: los bosques del Perú desde una mirada compleja(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-09-12)Essay on the issue of the situation of forests in Peru. It presents, in a concise manner, the contributions of the articles from the special dossier «Forests and Sustainable Development in Peru: An Interdisciplinary Perspective». It includes reflections on the actions and policies that the State has been carrying out; analysis of how businesses and the population use forests, some from a historical perspective and others with more contemporary approaches. The texts in the dossier are presented according to the classic division of Peruvian geography: coast, highlands, and jungle. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Pérdida de bosques amazónicos por expansión urbana en el Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-08-29)The occupation of peri-urban areas in the eight largest Amazonian cities is studied, along with its impact on forest conservation, in order to identify conditions associated with greater or lesser loss of peri-urban forests. For this purpose, a comparative analysis of demographic and spatial indicators is conducted, as well as a spatial analysis of recent urban growth over forested areas. Furthermore, challenges for the conservation of peri-urban forests are discussed based on key territorial dynamics and existing mechanisms for territorial planning and management. It is identified that the greater pressure from urban growth on peri-urban forests is mainly linked to migratory processes and regional economic dynamics related to mining and tourism activities. Likewise, the trend towards reduced population and housing density in new expansion areas, along with an increase in the real estate supply for secondary residences, poses a threat to sustainability. Peri-urban roads concentrate deforestation areas and future urban expansion, highlighting the need to enhance mechanisms for environmental impact assessment of road infrastructure and focus efforts on sustainable land management measures in these zones. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, La producción de nuevas naturalezas en la alta Amazonía peruana (1940-1981) y las tesis de Ester Boserup(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-08-31)The purpose of this work is to describe the historical, population, economic, and environmental conditions that led to the expansion of the agricultural and demographic frontier in the Peruvian high jungle, particularly in the Alto Huallaga basin, during the decades spanning from 1940 to the early 1980s. The text describes and analyzes how the dynamics of demographic frontier expansion, through highland-origin settler farmers, exerted intense pressure on natural resources, subsequent environmental degradation, and eventually regional demographic saturation. The migrant settlers continually reproduced their family units of production and consumption in frontier territories, thereby creating new natures and destroying others in the process. In this context, we aim to explore the links between demographic growth in the Alto Huallaga and the slash-and-burn agricultural systems that accompanied them, as well as the socio-environmental consequences and the ongoing feedback dynamics between these processes. In doing so, we put to the test the model of land use extensification and intensification proposed by economist Ester Boserup. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Deforestación de la costa peruana: rasgos de un proceso secular(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-09-07)This study seeks to identify the main factors that have most directly influenced the coastal deforestation process on a secular scale are identified. There are five factors that can be identified as generators of coastal forest deterioration: domestic use for construction and use of firewood for cooking food; use of wood in mining and metallurgical activities and employment in shipbuilding as well as in land transport with the arrival and spread of railways. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, ¿Es posible detener la deforestación en la Amazonía peruana?(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2022)There are conservatively 9.6 million deforested hectares in the Peruvian Amazon. Out of them only 1.9 million support crops and livestock produced each year. The remaining ones, that is four hectares out of every five, is underused or abandoned and partly degraded. It is also known that each hectare in agricultural production produces one-third to one-half of what it could if well-known agricultural techniques were applied. However, deforestation continues at an increasing rate, with 190,000 ha of forests destroyed in 2020. Part of the problem is lack of technical and credit assistance for producers, as well as disorderly construction of roads that encourage deforestation. However, the main obstacle is that most of the deforestation is informal and occupies lands classified as suitable for forestry that cannot be granted as property by law and in which mid- and longterm investments are not made for that reason. Therefore, legalizing ownership of around seven million deforested hectares is proposed to stop deforestation. These are already occupied and it is technically, economically, and sustainably feasible to produce crops in them, applying proven strategies such as agroforestry, permanent crops, and reforestation. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Forest as ‘nature’ or forest as territory? Knowledge, power, and climate change conservation in the Peruvian Amazon(Taylor & Francis, 2022-10-30)This paper examines the implications of climate crisis governance for rural communities in the Amazon of Peru. It draws the attention to the shared political economy behind the resistance of diverse rural populations particularly, Indigenous and Colono communities. Based on an analysis of two local conservation interventions in the region of San Martín—one involving indigenous communities and the other peasant settlers—this study argues that narrow authorized knowledge obscures the wider historical and agrarian macro context of uneven institutional and ecological arrangements that lead to the reproduction of injustices related to the land, the underlying causes of deforestation, and the authoritarian relationships of these local communities with the state. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, (Mis)adapting domestic law to meet new international environmental and trade rules: How Peru changed its environmental and land use rights laws in response to the European Union Deforestation Regulation(Oxford University Press, 2024-11-01)International and domestic laws are being enacted or adjusted to implement climate goals, such as to fight deforestation—a key source of carbon emissions in tropical countries like Peru. These laws are increasingly connecting trade and the environment and becoming more intertwined at the national and international levels. This analysis reviews Peru’s recent change of its domestic environmental and land tenure laws partially in response to the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) as one recent example of the complexities involved in this interaction. Promoters of this legislative change in Peru frame it as a necessary alignment with the EUDR, but environmentalists argue that it is an excuse to weaken domestic forest protection rules, contrary to the intentions of the EUDR. This case study shows the importance of understanding the specific context of each of the countries targeted by new international zero-deforestation rules and highlights the tensions these new policies can encourage. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Jurisdictional approaches to sustainable agro-commodity governance: The state of knowledge and future research directions(Elsevier B.V., 2024-12-01)The production and trade of primary agro-commodities drive significant land use change, with profound consequences for the planet and people. In a special report on climate change and land, the International Panel on Climate Change (2019) warned that any pathway aimed at limiting global warming to within 2 °C requires reduced carbon emissions and land use change. The destruction of natural ecosystems also carries significant implications for the economic livelihoods and traditional ways of life of the approximately 1.6 billion rural people, including many indigenous communities, who reside in and around forests (Newton et al., 2020). - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Between disinterest and inequality: Perceptions of brokers and actors involved about the implementation of forest policies at the subnational level(Universidad de los Andes, Colombia, 2024-07-01)Objective/context: In 2020, Ucayali was the Peruvian region with the highest loss of Amazonian forest (47,267 hectares). Measures have been taken regarding climate commitments and environmental governance, but the results continue without notoriety, and mitigation actions are limited. From a subnational approach, the article seeks to analyze the perceptions of brokers and actors involved about the implementation of forest policies in the Ucayali region. Methodology: Based on a qualitative strategy that included semi-structured interviews and a co-construction workshop to evidence the perceptions of the actors involved, with direct knowledge of the territory and implementation, and intermediary agents (brokers), the latter with the capacity to influence the decisions made regarding the formulation of action plans. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the existence of a structural difficulty in achieving short- or long-term change actions. There are institutional limitations but also a lack of support from civil society. Originality: Considering the type and limited number of studies on perceptions of climate change-oriented policies, the results obtained allow for generating relevant evidence for policy formulation processes and articulation between different levels of government. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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