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Item type:Publication, Prevalencia del cáncer de vesícula biliar en colecistectomías.(2020-01-25)De 1090 colecistectomias efectuadas en los Hospitales Atocha y Metropolitano de la ciudad de Ambato, entre enero de 1995 hasta diciembre del 2018, el 5,6 % presenta cancer vesicular. El promedio de los pacientes con cancer fue solo 49 anos, Siendo la distribucion por sexo similar. El cancer estuvo asociado siempre a colecistitis cronica litiasica; se presento avanzado (tipo III y IV de Nevin) y correspondio casi siempre a adenocarcinomas indiferenciados. La cirugia practicada fue la simple colecistectomia. La sobrevida de los 31 pacientes operados con cancer de vesicula fue de 10,5% al ano. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Biological bases of cancer immunotherapy(Cambridge University Press, 2021-01-01)Immunotherapy has changed the landscape of cancer treatment and has significantly improved the outcome of several cancer types including breast, lung, colorectal and prostate. Neoantigen recognition and immune checkpoint inhibitors are nowadays the milestones of different immunotherapeutic regimes; however, high cost, primary and acquired resistance and the high variability of responses make their extensive use difficult. The development of better predictive biomarkers that represent tumour diversity shows promise because there is a significant body of clinical data showing a spectrum of immunotherapeutic responses that might be related back to their specific characteristics. This article makes a conceptual and historical review to summarise the main advances in our understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer, while describing the methodological details that have been successfully implemented on cancer treatments and that may hold the key to improved therapeutic approaches. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Prediction of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence by using discretization supports the critical contribution of extra-cellular matrix genes(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2022-01-01) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Making the situation of TLGBI people around cancer visible: Observations from the Andean region(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01)This article seeks to provide some analytical elements to diagnose the current situation of cancer in the TLGBI population of the Andean region: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. In a context where the precariousness in cancer care and response do not allow people in vulnerable situations to access quality care, a main problem is the lack of official records/ data and data from research centers. Thus, the paper systematizes the bibliography around TLGBI health status displaying the gaps in several areas of its study, to problematize the management around cancer. To this end, the article has the following structure: (1) it presents a bibliographical analysis to identify the main thematic trends in the field of study, (2) it analyzes the characteristics of public management in health from a TLGBI perspective through the review of laws and protocols, (3) it studies the place of HIV/AIDS public policy in the management of TLGBI health, and (4) it provides some elements to understand the current status of the cancer situation in the analyzed community. In this sense, it makes the gaps related to cancer visible. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, FIPOL: An initiative to support research collaborations, resource development, scientific communication, and educational opportunities in psychosocial oncology for Latin America(Wiley, 2022-03-18)Key points The goal of FIPOL (Training and Resources in Psychosocial Oncology for Latin America) is to support the development of psychosocial oncology (PO) in Latin American countries FIPOL aims to increase global awareness of academic opportunities in PO and behavioral medicine and facilitates exchanges and collaborations between Spanish‐speaking clinicians and researchers from diverse backgrounds and Spanish‐speaking countries who work in cancer and psychosocial care Professional organizations and networks such as FIPOL may contribute to the long‐term growth of PO in the region and implementation and sustainability of PO practice FIPOL works towards its goals through efforts in training, resource development, collaborative research initiatives, and communication and dissemination with collaborations of Spanish‐speaking colleagues working on cancer and psychosocial care - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Caregiver burden, coping and social support in parents of children with cancer(Universidad Complutense Madrid, 2024-04-11)Aim: To analyze the relationship between coping strategies, social support, characteristics of migrant parent caregivers and their children with cancer on caregiver overload of such parents. Zarit Burden Interview (Zarit et al., 1980), the COPE Inventory (Carver et al., 1989) and the MOS Social Support Questionnaire (Sherbourne y Stewart, 1991) were used. Method: Eighty-two caregivers (67 mothers and 15 fathers) residing in shelters for children with cancer and their caregivers, who migrated to the city to receive treatment, participated in this study. Results: Two regression models were performed to evaluate the impact of demographic and psychological variables on caregiver burden, the first model involves the global social support scale (R2 adjusted=.43, F=9.73, p<.001) and the second the specific scales (R2 adjusted=.45, F=8.23, p<.001). Results: There is evidence the predictive role of coping strategies such as acceptance, positive reinterpretation and growth, focus and venting of emotions; global and affective social support; and sociodemographic characteristics such as parental level of education and child age in caregiver burden. Most of these variables have an inverse relationship with caregiver burden. Conclusions: The results of the study underline the crucial importance of investigating caregiver burden in the context of vulnerability. In addition, the study highlights the importance of factors such as coping strategies and social support, which play a key role in influencing caregiver burden. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ant Colony Optimization-Enabled CNN Deep Learning Technique for Accurate Detection of Cervical Cancer(Hindawi Limited, 2023-01-01)Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation, which are both diagnostic indicators of the disease. When cancerous cells enter one organ, there is a risk that they may spread to adjacent tissues and eventually to other organs. Cancer of the cervix of the uterus often initially manifests itself in the uterine cervix, which is located at the very bottom of the uterus. Both the growth and death of cervical cells are characteristic features of this condition. False-negative results provide a significant moral dilemma since they may cause women to get an incorrect diagnosis of cancer, which in turn can result in the woman's premature death from the disease. False-positive results do not raise any significant ethical concerns; but they do require a patient to go through an expensive and time-consuming treatment process, and they also cause the patient to experience tension and anxiety that is not warranted. In order to detect cervical cancer in its earliest stages in women, a screening procedure known as a Pap test is often performed. This article describes a technique for improving images using Brightness Preserving Dynamic Fuzzy Histogram Equalization. To individual components and find the right area of interest, the fuzzy c-means approach is applied. The images are segmented using the fuzzy c-means method to find the right area of interest. The feature selection algorithm is the ACO algorithm. Following that, categorization is carried out utilizing the CNN, MLP, and ANN algorithms. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The will to speak out: Medical anthropologist and patient in times of COVID-19 in Peru(Wiley, 2025-06-01)Using autoethnographic research, I analyze the experience of being an oncology patient during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Lima, Peru, the country with the highest number of COVID‐19 deaths per million people worldwide. I reflect on my own fears and decisions related to medical treatment and work, since they organized most of my daily life and were significantly impacted by the public health emergency. These experiences were shaped by global and local inequalities in labor conditions as well as access to healthcare facilities and systemic therapies. I speak out as a “vulnerable participant‐observer” from my social position as a lower‐middle‐class working woman, contract university professor, and medical anthropologist facing a still stigmatized disease in her country.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Nanosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection based on a selective growth-regulating mechanism(Elsevier BV, 2025-01-01)Nanomaterial-based biosensors provide high sensitivity and versatility for the detection of target analytes. Particularly, gold nanomaterials are widely employed as signal transducers due to their unique plasmonic properties. When functionalized with aptamers, these nanostructures gain enhanced selectivity, rapid response capability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the instability of large gold nanoparticles can hinder the exploration of various shapes and sizes. In this research, two different types of nanoparticles were used for the development of a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumoral biomarker for colorectal cancer, nanosensor. It was proposed a system based on gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) functionalized with the amphiphilic polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (AuNT@PVP) and a hairpin-shaped aptamer selective to CEA biotinylated at the 3' end and thiolated at the 5' end (AuNT@PVP@Apt). Specific recognition process was optimized expecting that CEA would trigger the unfolding of the hairpin structure, exposing biotin moieties that enabled subsequent binding of streptavidin-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNP@Strept, 3-5 nm in diameter). However, when analyzing the optical changes observed by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and its correlation with the concentration of CEA, it was observed that the main mechanism involved in the detection was a selective growth mechanism of AuNPs, leading to a really simple and easy way of detecting CEA. The results obtained in this study highlight the intricacies of developing such nanosensors and introduce a novel detection method based on a selective growth mechanism that can be further used for detection.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Defining drivers of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in migrant populations globally and strategies and interventions to improve coverage: a systematic review(2025-02-02)Background The Cervical Cancer Elimination Initiative by the World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target of 90% human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among girls by age 15 by 2030 to dramatically reduce deaths from cervical and other HPV-related cancers. However, progress has been slow, with only 27% global coverage in 2023. Migrants are considered an under-immunised group globally for many vaccine-preventable diseases, with data showing that they may experience a high burden of HPV infection and widespread HPV under-immunisation. Better understanding of the factors influencing the ability of these communities to get vaccinated for HPV is important. We aimed to systematically synthesise evidence on drivers of HPV vaccination uptake in migrants, and explored recommended approaches, strategies, and best practices to promote uptake in these communities. Methods We searched seven databases (e.g., Medline, Global Health) and websites (WHO, IOM, Google Scholar) for literature on drivers of HPV vaccination uptake among migrants globally, published between January 2006 and December 2024 in any language. Data on influencing factors for HPV vaccination uptake in migrants were extracted for an integrated approach to synthesising findings, and recommended strategies to improve it were compiled. We conducted a hybrid thematic analysis using the WHO BeSD model and assessed risk of bias with Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. PROSPERO protocol: CRD42023401694. Findings We identified 1,806 database records and 1,756 records from websites, ultimately including 117 studies with 5,638,836 participants across 16 countries and one territory (including 933,187 first- and second-generation migrants, mostly defined as foreign-born in high-income countries). Factors negatively influencing vaccine uptake included concerns about vaccine safety, cultural beliefs, uncertainty about HPV vaccines/infection, low knowledge of HPV/HPV vaccine, gender/sex, inter-generational and family dynamics, exposure to negative information, and lack of recommendations from healthcare providers. Practical barriers included limited information on services, language issues combined with a lack of skilled interpreters, logistical challenges, and the high cost of the vaccine. Enablers mainly included positive perceptions and trust in the vaccine and healthcare providers, realistic expectations from parents regarding the sexual activity of adolescents, a sense of responsibility, as well as recommendations from healthcare providers and support from social networks. Other positive predictors of vaccine uptake included being female, and having a history of vaccine-preventable diseases or abnormal Pap test results. Findings highlighted that free-of-charge and school-based schemes were effective in increasing uptake, while mandatory or optional schemes were less popular. Key recommended approaches included culturally sensitive messaging and tailored communication for different target groups (e.g., parents/caregivers, adolescents), with an emphasis on strength framing. Deploying trusted mediators (e.g., peer school health promoters, religious champions, community health workers) and implementing practical solutions to address missed opportunities (e.g., bundling HPV vaccination with other services) and for mobile migrants (e.g., eHealth) were also emphasised. Additionally, strong provider recommendations and reducing access barriers through measures including walk-in, mobile, and outreach services were recommended, alongside addressing broader cross-cutting issues, such as strengthening vaccine monitoring systems. Interpretation This review showed that migrants worldwide face complex individual, family/social, and provider/system-level barriers to HPV vaccination, resulting in missed opportunities for protection. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the vaccine is either unavailable or has to be paid for. Achieving global commitments for universal and equitable immunisation across the life-course, making progress toward cervical cancer elimination, requires addressing these barriers through multi-pronged strategies. This includes combining effective health communication to build trust and address negative perceptions, along with efforts to eliminate physical barriers to vaccine access. Given the lack of data from LMICs, future research must urgently explore specific drivers of HPV vaccination among migrants in these regions where they are more concentrated and access to the HPV vaccine is limited, as well as develop solutions to system-level problems. Collaborative efforts with migrant communities are essential to co-develop effective, tailored delivery models that meet their unique needs. Funding This research was funded by the NIHR (NIHR300072), the Academy of Medical Sciences (SBF005\1111), and the Medical Research Council (MRC/N013638/1).1