3. Producción
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Item type:Publication, ¿Y la salud intercultural?: Lecciones desde la pandemia que no debemos olvidar(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2020-10-14)Los que trabajamos en salud indígena sabemos que es muy común que los pobladores indígenas o campesinos sean representados como culpables de sus problemas de salud, desconociendo que los pobres indicadores de salud en los lugares con mayor porcentaje de población indígena son, en gran medida, consecuencia de un Estado negligente incapaz de garantizar acceso y disponibilidad de servicios de salud de calidad a las comunidades indígenas del país. En el marco de la pandemia del COVID-19 que viene afectando intensamente a la población indígena amazónica del Perú, los pueblos indígenas están mostrando que sus prácticas culturales, ignoradas y discriminadas por el sector salud pueden contribuir en el cuidado de aquellos afectados por el COVID-19. A partir del análisis de la iniciativa del Comando Matico en la Amazonía peruana mostramos la capacidad de los pueblos indígenas para implementar iniciativas interculturales autónomas al Estado central. Este artículo muestra que en el Perú no nos faltan normativas detallando el enfoque intercultural en la atención de salud. Lo que hace falta es reconocer la importancia de pensar que los conocimientos ancestrales de los pueblos indígenas pueden ser claves para atender sus necesidades y las de otros sectores de la población. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Vulnerable Women in a Pandemic: Paid Domestic Workers and COVID-19 in Peru(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020-12-01)Paid domestic workers (PDWs) in Peru, who are predominantly women, are one of the most vulnerable labour sectors in the country. We argue that an important factor explaining this is linked to national legislation that grants only partial rights to the sector, thus maintaining inferior labour conditions for such workers. Here we share our analysis of a survey of 314 PDWs, conducted between April and May 2020, confirming that PDWs in Peru are highly unprotected, particularly during the COVID pandemic, in which there has been a lack of comprehensive social protection schemes. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Filling in the Gaps: The Transnational Administration of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020-12-01)Diverse sources have constructed a common narrative of individual and isolated responses by countries and their leaders to the global coronavirus pandemic, akin to sálvese quien pueda (every man for himself). This article suggests that this is a simplification of the governance of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. Peru's governance story is one of domestic public and private action closely interwoven with crucial elements of transnational administration out of sheer necessity. The struggle against the pandemic has generated a domestic and transnational administrative symbiosis, involving authorities at multiple levels in efforts to fill a series of interconnected domestic, regional, and global governance gaps. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Knowledge management in two universities before and during the COVID-19 effect in Peru(Elsevier, 2020-12-16)Knowledge management evaluation is an important and complex problem in Peruvian universities. An efficient policy in knowledge management is a critical success factor and will also advance teaching and research. Likewise, innovation is a key resource for the well-being of national economies and international competitive advantage, especially with COVID-19 9 restrictions. This research article has demonstrated that an assessment of knowledge management (KM) capability in two private universities could be used for an efficient policy, in order to obtain the best result in knowledge management maturity. Having discussed how to construct a model for KM, the final section of this paper addresses ways of the incorporation of this technology in the society. The case study has been developed in Lima, associated to two universities with 271 teachers and 5928 students; with this model could be used for KM assessment in all university in Peru. This study uses the “Intellectus Model, Mejia model organizational knowledge capability areas and Knowledge Management Capability Assessment (KMCA) model for the assessment, before and during COVID-19. Our findings have demonstrated the university performance and challenges associated to knowledge management during COVID-19, the new policy for virtual instructions and digital transformation of the educational process have improved the cost efficiencies. However, this system also has a number of serious drawbacks and challenges in innovation, researching, connections with industry and academy; this 2021 requires a new perspective in innovation with a knowledge management scheme in Peruvian universities. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Food waste management during the COVID-19 outbreak: a holistic climate, economic and nutritional approach(Elsevier, 2020-11-10)Improving the food supply chain efficiency has been identified as an essential means to enhance food security, while reducing pressure on natural resources. Adequate food loss and waste (FLW) management has been proposed as an approach to meet these objectives. The main hypothesis of this study is to consider that the “strong fluctuations and short-term changes” on eating habits may have major consequences on potential FLW generation and management, as well as on GHG emissions, all taking into account the nutritional and the economic cost. Due to the exceptional lockdown measures imposed by the Spanish government, as a consequence of the emerging coronavirus disease, COVID-19, food production and consumption systems have undergone significant changes, which must be properly studied in order to propose strategies from the lessons learned. Taking Spain as a case study, the methodological approach included a deep analysis of the inputs and outputs of the Spanish food basket, the supply chain by means of a Material Flow Analysis, as well as an economic and comprehensive nutritional assessment, all under a life cycle thinking approach. The results reveal that during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown, there was no significant adjustment in overall FLW generation, but a partial reallocation from extra-domestic consumption to households occurred (12% increase in household FLW). Moreover, the economic impact (+11%), GHG emissions (+10%), and the nutritional content (−8%) complete the multivariable impact profile that the COVID-19 outbreak had on FLW generation and management. Accordingly, this study once again highlights that measures aimed at reducing FLW, particularly in the household sector, are critical to make better use of food surpluses and FLW prevention and control, allowing us to confront future unforeseen scenarios. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Implementation of Lean Construction as a Solution for the Covid-19 Impacts in Residential Construction Projects in Lima, Peru(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Facultad de Arte y Diseño, 2021)At the beginning of 2020, a virus discovered in the province of Wuhan in China identified as SARS- COV-2, denominated COVID-19, began to spread globally, being identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic on March 13 since the epidemic has spread to several countries in all the continents and affects a large number of people (WHO 2020). In Peru the entry of COVID-19 caused the Peruvian government to take different options to control its spread such as mandatory quarantines and lockdowns. In front of this scenario, the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector had to reinvent itself since it is a sector where work depends on a significant amount of personnel (IPE 2020). Furthermore, the level of industrialization in Peru is significantly lower compared with industrialized countries, generating that the consumption of labor is greater as well as the cost of the project, searching for new solutions to improve productivity. Moreover, considering the new sanitary measures for COVID-19 including new health protocols, controls, and improvement of working sanitary standards. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to present a planning proposal for a system that integrates the Lean tools and the COVID-19 protocol for armed concrete buildings in Peru and present the preliminary results of its modification on the production system, design of work schedules, planning meetings, among other aspects of the construction system. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Bonos’: Lecciones de las transferencias monetarias no condicionadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2024-04)La pandemia de Covid-19 fue particularmente severa en Perú, y junto con las medidas de cuarentena, produjo un choque muy grande en las economías de los hogares. Las transferencias monetarias no condicionadas, conocidas popularmente en Perú como ´bonos´, fueron la principal respuesta de protección social del gobierno, con grandes implicaciones para la evolución de la pandemia, la economía y la pobreza. Estas transferencias se dieron en un contexto en el que se necesitaba una respuesta rápida y masiva al shock sanitario, social y económico de la pandemia, partiendo de una red de seguridad social bastante limitada a pesar del buen desempeño macroeconómico y macrofiscal del Perú. Nuestro análisis muestra que estas transferencias incondicionales supusieron un cambio significativo en la política de protección social, pero tardaron mucho tiempo en realizarse y su cuantía fue demasiado baja, lo que limitó su impacto. Las principales lecciones son que: i) la baja densidad de la red de protección social peruana dificultó una respuesta adecuada a la emergencia sanitaria y social, ii) la definición de estrategias de focalización vs. universalización en protección social debe basarse en objetivos más amplios que la mera reducción de la pobreza, incluir los objetivos de salud y gobernabilidad democrática, y debe situarse en el contexto amplio del impacto de las diversas políticas de gasto público e ingresos en toda la distribución del ingreso, iii) una vez definida la orientación hacia políticas más universalistas, fue posible avanzar rápidamente, en ausencia de restricciones fiscales significativas y aprovechando las capacidades existentes de diversos organismos públicos y de la red del sistema financiero. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Applying CBA to Decide the Best Excavation Method: Scenario During the Covid-19 Pandemic(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Facultad de Arte y Diseño, 2021)On January 30 of 2020, The World Health Organization declared the pandemic crisis as the first public emergency with international importance. Because of this, many building projects were paralyzed since then and the building industry experienced changes that have brought the inclusion of new tools to achieve the objectives of the projects. The purpose of the present paper is to present the application of Choosing By Advantages (CBA) methodology to select the best alternative in the material removal system in the execution of basements in a project that was paralyzed by the health emergency COVID 19. CBA is a lean tool used to make decisions with clarity and transparency and in this case is used to consider the constraints of COVID-19 protocol to guide in decisions making. This methodology was applied to a case study for a building project in the basement construction phase that restarts its activities in the excavations. For that, an expert panel was formed to analyze and decide the best alternative solution. Finally, the selected alternative was implemented on-site, validating the methodology. It is concluded that CBA is an excellent tool to transparently document the selection process of the removal system. Additionally, this methodology allows including activities regarding the COVID-19 protocol, without affecting the project's productivity. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, La inversión de las dinámicas de migración interna en el Perú por la COVID-19 como lugar ético-teológico(Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón, 2021-07-05)Among the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, the exodus of thousands of citizens stands out. During the first months of social confinement in 2020, they returned from Lima to their places of origin due to the impossibility of coping with quarantine measures without employment or support networks. This article reflects on this social phenomenon’s ethical and theological implications, interpreting the reversal of internal migration trends in Peru as a locus to understand the systemic violence of the current political-economic system, to recognize the practices of survival and creative solidarity of their victims, and to problematize pending debts and colonial legacies. The experience of these victims-survivors is a place from which to imagine an alternativeethical-political horizon for a Bicentennial Peru and a theological discourse committed to a historical praxis of substantive social change and solidarity with the oppressed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, COVID-19 and the metaphor of war: a cognitive analysis in digital newspapers and social networks(Academia Peruana de la Lengua, 2021-07-01)La prensa y los ciudadanos, así como los políticos y los médicos, en varios países del mundo, han comparado la enfermedad COVID-19 con diversas situaciones cotidianas a través del uso de metáforas conceptuales asociadas a sus experiencias y su entorno. Una situación con la que más ha sido contrastada son las acciones bélicas. Por ello, el propósito de esta investigación es analizar las metáforas que se han creado en relación con la guerra. Este es un estudio mixto, pues propone un análisis cualitativo que interpreta y clasifica los usos metafóricos, y formula un análisis cuantitativo al cuantificar los datos en relación con su empleo y su importancia. Las expresiones metafóricas investigadas proceden de los medios de comunicación y redes sociales peruanas e internacionales. Entre los resultados, se encuentran metáforas como el virus es enemigo y los ciudadanos son soldados, que son empleadas con frecuencia en el discurso. Este trabajo concluye que la comparación responde a la coyuntura pandémica por la que atraviesa el mundo, el cual considera que se enfrenta a una guerra, idea que es reforzada por los medios.