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Item type:Publication, Private participation in government-led backbone network projects: lessons from three Latin American experiments(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-09-01)This study presents an ex post comparative assessment of the relative performance of three Latin American broadband network emblematic projects implemented through public-private projects (PPP). Results show that the relative performance of these projects is extremely sensitive to differences in contractual design and regulatory approaches applied in each case. The detailed examination and comparative analysis of these experiences allowed us to extract important lessons in terms of design and implementation of PPP in telecommunications sector. In particular, our analysis finds that imperfect financing and demand risk allocations in projects can jeopardize their operational and financial sustainability. As well, the examination of these experiences allows us to conclude that in markets characterized by continuous economic and technological transformations, vertical separation restrictions imposed for reducing the risk of increasing market power and concentration may not be justified. As well, analysis shows that in such evolving contexts, a more flexible and adaptable regulatory approach is recommendable. Finally, our analysis reveals the role of complementary policies in the context of the implementation of countries’ digital strategies, as a means that contribute to ensure the accomplishment of broadband accessibility national targets. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Regulatory and Broadband Industry Responses to COVID-19: Cases of Uganda, Peru, and the Caribbean(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2023-05-09)The COVID-19 pandemic was particularly challenging for developing countries because of pre-existing poverty and severe inequality. Governments tended to set public safety as a primary goal, but it could not be their singular goal. Broadband was an important feature of any policy solution. Business lockdowns, school closures, and social distancing led to an unprecedented acceleration in the demand for broadband. But the government restrictions on social and economic interactions made it difficult to maintain and expand broadband networks. Governments might have let markets work out this challenge of escalating demand and increasing costs of supply, but few did. Governments quickly grew to believe that it would need cooperative relationships among multiple government agencies and private businesses to answer what appeared to be a broadband shortage. Regulatory controls over broadband providers were quickly suspended in favour of developing common goals and coordinated efforts. These approaches proved effective, although citizens continued to suffer from the pandemic. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Universal service and structural reforms in Latin America: What have we learned and where are we going?(Elsevier BV, 2026-07-01)This article examines five decades of the evolution of universal telecommunications service policy, analyzing its theoretical foundations in developed countries and its empirical adaptation across eleven Latin American and Caribbean nations. The analysis reveals universal service as a dynamic policy framework that continuously adapts to technological change and institutional capacities, rather than as a static concept. The theoretical review highlights fundamental tensions between European “public service” traditions that emphasize rights-based access through cross-subsidies and Anglo-Saxon “universal service” models that prioritize market-based affordability. LAC countries navigated between these paradigms during the 1990s liberalization, adopting institutional arrangements that reflect local political economies rather than imported models. Empirical evidence confirms three critical transitions: from rural telephony to broadband infrastructure as a priority; from fragmented governance to robust institutional frameworks with participatory mechanisms; and from infrastructure provision to integrated digital inclusion that incorporates literacy, devices, and capacity development. The article reinterprets universal service funds as credibility mechanisms that signal government commitment not to expropriate private investments in weak institutional contexts, explaining their near-universal adoption during privatizations despite design variations. Contemporary arrangements exhibit remarkable heterogeneity: some countries modernized existing funds by diversifying financing instruments; others dissolved traditional funds, redistributing responsibilities; and alternative models emerged that dispensed with formal funds entirely. These divergent paths show that no single optimal arrangement exists; effectiveness depends on alignment with institutional architecture, regulatory capacity, and political economy dynamics.