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Language: search.filters.language.SpanishSubject: search.filters.subject.Salario mínimo--Perú

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    Tesis de efectos del incremento de la remuneración minima vital sobre el empleo y los ingresos laborales
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2011)
    Following the studies of Jaramillo (2004), Céspedes (2006) and Del Valle (2009), the present research evaluates the short term effects of the increase of the minimum wage on employment and labour income in Lima Metropolitana. The contribution of the paper consists in modeling the labour market in three sectors: formal employment, “competitive” informal employment and “subsistence” informal employment. This will allow us to identify the differentiated effects of the minimum wage in the labour market. We propose that the increase in the minimum wage imposes a higher barrier to the demand of low skilled labour, expulsing these workers to subsistence activities in the informal sector, while employment in the “competitive” informal sector remains unaffected. Consequently, we expect a higher labour income in the formal sector, a lower labour income in the “subsistence” informal sector due to the increased competence, and no significant changes in the “competitive” informal sector. We design a stratified propensity score matching methodology for the empirical identification of the “competitive” and “subsistence” informal sectors, and follow Neumark (1994) for the impact assessment of the minimum wage. The results confirm the hypothesis about the effects on employment, but fail to confirm those about the effects on labour income.
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    Minimum wage and job mobility in Perú
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2013)
    We study the effects of the minimum wage in over employment and income by considering a monthly database that captures seven minimum wage changes registered between 2002 and 2011. We estimate that about 1 million workers have an income by main occupation in the neighborhood of the minimum wage. We found that the minimum wage-income elasticity is statistically signicant; the evidence also suggests that those who receive low incomes and those working in small businesses are the most affected by increases in the minimum wage. Employment effects are monotonically decreasing in absolute terms by firm size: moderate in big firms and higher in small firms. Results are robust when assessing the job-to-job transitions. Finally, we present evidence that supports the hypothesis that the minimum wage in Peru is correlated with income. The movement of income distribution in the context of changes in the minimum wage as well as the results provided by a model that captures the drivers of income justify this result.