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    Rewriting in Procesos autónomos by Manuel Fernández: When poetry does social analysis
    (Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Departamento de Literatura, 2020-11-01)
    The present article proposes a critical lecture of Procesos autónomos, by Manuel Fernández, following three guiding lines: the notion of autonomy in the light of some episodes of Peruvian history and society projects envisaged from nonhegemonic segments, the rewriting dynamics that operate in both the intertextual and the “academic” sides of the book, and the poetic implications that follow from the book as a project that belongs to the contemporary setting of Peruvian and Latin American poetry. Our working hipothesis is that the book, in addition to be a legitimate contribution to the literary field of poetry, offers the reader a proposal and design of a consistent research on Peruvian society.
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    La piedra sublime: la mano desasida de Martín Adán
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024-01-01)
    This essay studies Martín Adán’s poem “La mano desasida” from the category of the sublime. The poetic voice addresses Machu Picchu as a fictitious interlocutor capable of activating diverse reactions. The images arise from a desire to understand the relationship between the material and the transcendent, between finitude and the metaphysical, and are positioned as a response to a type of purely instrumental rationality that seeks to eliminate the indeterminate and the inexplicable from life. The poetic voice, however, does not stagnate in a purely contemplative dimension and also seeks to articulate a critique and a demand. The poetry shudders at the magnitude and beauty of Machu Picchu, but at the same time, it does not fail to mark a state of social alienation due to modern commodification. From there, the sublime emerges as a figure not only aesthetic but also political because it makes visible the shortcomings of life. The Inca citadel deconstructs everything known and opens the imagination and thought towards the search for an absolute, but also towards a radical critique of the present. RESUMEN: Este ensayo estudia el poema de Martín Adán titulado “La mano desasida” a partir de la categoría de lo sublime. La voz poética se dirige a Machu Picchu como un interlocutor ficticio capaz de activar reacciones diversas. Las imágenes surgen de una voluntad de entender las relaciones entre lo material y lo trascendente, entre la finitud y lo metafísico, y se colocan como una respuesta a un tipo de racionalidad puramente instrumental que busca eliminar lo indeterminado y lo inexplicable de la vida. La voz poética, sin embargo, no se estanca en una dimensión puramente contemplativa y también busca articular una crítica y una demanda. Los versos se estremecen ante la magnitud y la belleza de Machu Picchu, pero a la vez, no dejan de marcar un estado de alienación social a causa de la mercantilización moderna. Desde ahí, lo sublime emerge como una figura no solo estética sino también política pues hace visible las deficiencias de la vida. La ciudadela inca desestructura todo lo conocido y abre la imaginación y el pensamiento hacia la búsqueda de un absoluto, pero también hacia una radical crítica del presente.
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    José Watanabe’s Antígona: A Poetical Rewriting of Political Violence in Peru at the End of the 20th Century
    (Universidad Catolica Silva Henriquez, 2023-01-01)
    The article studies the poetic rewriting carried out by José Watanabe of Sophocles’ Antigone, emphasizing two dimensions: the operations of absorption and transformation that lead to the final text, and the particular reading of this Antigone from the context of its publication. In dialogue with concepts such as rewriting and dialogism (Bakhtin), memory (Jelin) and violence (Žižek), the analysis confirms that the new meanings that this Antigone incorporates proposes fundamental questions and demands in relation to the process of violence and dictatorship that was lived in Peru, as well as the historical reasons that contributed to its unleashing. From this, Antigone implicity highlights the need to intervene, from poetry and art, in the life of the country, and symbolically begins a new stage in the development of poetry on the internal armed conflict.