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Item type:Publication, ¿Y la salud intercultural?: Lecciones desde la pandemia que no debemos olvidar(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2020-10-14)Los que trabajamos en salud indígena sabemos que es muy común que los pobladores indígenas o campesinos sean representados como culpables de sus problemas de salud, desconociendo que los pobres indicadores de salud en los lugares con mayor porcentaje de población indígena son, en gran medida, consecuencia de un Estado negligente incapaz de garantizar acceso y disponibilidad de servicios de salud de calidad a las comunidades indígenas del país. En el marco de la pandemia del COVID-19 que viene afectando intensamente a la población indígena amazónica del Perú, los pueblos indígenas están mostrando que sus prácticas culturales, ignoradas y discriminadas por el sector salud pueden contribuir en el cuidado de aquellos afectados por el COVID-19. A partir del análisis de la iniciativa del Comando Matico en la Amazonía peruana mostramos la capacidad de los pueblos indígenas para implementar iniciativas interculturales autónomas al Estado central. Este artículo muestra que en el Perú no nos faltan normativas detallando el enfoque intercultural en la atención de salud. Lo que hace falta es reconocer la importancia de pensar que los conocimientos ancestrales de los pueblos indígenas pueden ser claves para atender sus necesidades y las de otros sectores de la población. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Implementation of Lean Construction as a Solution for the Covid-19 Impacts in Residential Construction Projects in Lima, Peru(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Facultad de Arte y Diseño, 2021)At the beginning of 2020, a virus discovered in the province of Wuhan in China identified as SARS- COV-2, denominated COVID-19, began to spread globally, being identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic on March 13 since the epidemic has spread to several countries in all the continents and affects a large number of people (WHO 2020). In Peru the entry of COVID-19 caused the Peruvian government to take different options to control its spread such as mandatory quarantines and lockdowns. In front of this scenario, the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector had to reinvent itself since it is a sector where work depends on a significant amount of personnel (IPE 2020). Furthermore, the level of industrialization in Peru is significantly lower compared with industrialized countries, generating that the consumption of labor is greater as well as the cost of the project, searching for new solutions to improve productivity. Moreover, considering the new sanitary measures for COVID-19 including new health protocols, controls, and improvement of working sanitary standards. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to present a planning proposal for a system that integrates the Lean tools and the COVID-19 protocol for armed concrete buildings in Peru and present the preliminary results of its modification on the production system, design of work schedules, planning meetings, among other aspects of the construction system. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Bonos’: Lecciones de las transferencias monetarias no condicionadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2024-04)La pandemia de Covid-19 fue particularmente severa en Perú, y junto con las medidas de cuarentena, produjo un choque muy grande en las economías de los hogares. Las transferencias monetarias no condicionadas, conocidas popularmente en Perú como ´bonos´, fueron la principal respuesta de protección social del gobierno, con grandes implicaciones para la evolución de la pandemia, la economía y la pobreza. Estas transferencias se dieron en un contexto en el que se necesitaba una respuesta rápida y masiva al shock sanitario, social y económico de la pandemia, partiendo de una red de seguridad social bastante limitada a pesar del buen desempeño macroeconómico y macrofiscal del Perú. Nuestro análisis muestra que estas transferencias incondicionales supusieron un cambio significativo en la política de protección social, pero tardaron mucho tiempo en realizarse y su cuantía fue demasiado baja, lo que limitó su impacto. Las principales lecciones son que: i) la baja densidad de la red de protección social peruana dificultó una respuesta adecuada a la emergencia sanitaria y social, ii) la definición de estrategias de focalización vs. universalización en protección social debe basarse en objetivos más amplios que la mera reducción de la pobreza, incluir los objetivos de salud y gobernabilidad democrática, y debe situarse en el contexto amplio del impacto de las diversas políticas de gasto público e ingresos en toda la distribución del ingreso, iii) una vez definida la orientación hacia políticas más universalistas, fue posible avanzar rápidamente, en ausencia de restricciones fiscales significativas y aprovechando las capacidades existentes de diversos organismos públicos y de la red del sistema financiero. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Applying CBA to Decide the Best Excavation Method: Scenario During the Covid-19 Pandemic(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Facultad de Arte y Diseño, 2021)On January 30 of 2020, The World Health Organization declared the pandemic crisis as the first public emergency with international importance. Because of this, many building projects were paralyzed since then and the building industry experienced changes that have brought the inclusion of new tools to achieve the objectives of the projects. The purpose of the present paper is to present the application of Choosing By Advantages (CBA) methodology to select the best alternative in the material removal system in the execution of basements in a project that was paralyzed by the health emergency COVID 19. CBA is a lean tool used to make decisions with clarity and transparency and in this case is used to consider the constraints of COVID-19 protocol to guide in decisions making. This methodology was applied to a case study for a building project in the basement construction phase that restarts its activities in the excavations. For that, an expert panel was formed to analyze and decide the best alternative solution. Finally, the selected alternative was implemented on-site, validating the methodology. It is concluded that CBA is an excellent tool to transparently document the selection process of the removal system. Additionally, this methodology allows including activities regarding the COVID-19 protocol, without affecting the project's productivity. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, La inversión de las dinámicas de migración interna en el Perú por la COVID-19 como lugar ético-teológico(Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón, 2021-07-05)Among the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, the exodus of thousands of citizens stands out. During the first months of social confinement in 2020, they returned from Lima to their places of origin due to the impossibility of coping with quarantine measures without employment or support networks. This article reflects on this social phenomenon’s ethical and theological implications, interpreting the reversal of internal migration trends in Peru as a locus to understand the systemic violence of the current political-economic system, to recognize the practices of survival and creative solidarity of their victims, and to problematize pending debts and colonial legacies. The experience of these victims-survivors is a place from which to imagine an alternativeethical-political horizon for a Bicentennial Peru and a theological discourse committed to a historical praxis of substantive social change and solidarity with the oppressed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, COVID-19 and the metaphor of war: a cognitive analysis in digital newspapers and social networks(Academia Peruana de la Lengua, 2021-07-01)La prensa y los ciudadanos, así como los políticos y los médicos, en varios países del mundo, han comparado la enfermedad COVID-19 con diversas situaciones cotidianas a través del uso de metáforas conceptuales asociadas a sus experiencias y su entorno. Una situación con la que más ha sido contrastada son las acciones bélicas. Por ello, el propósito de esta investigación es analizar las metáforas que se han creado en relación con la guerra. Este es un estudio mixto, pues propone un análisis cualitativo que interpreta y clasifica los usos metafóricos, y formula un análisis cuantitativo al cuantificar los datos en relación con su empleo y su importancia. Las expresiones metafóricas investigadas proceden de los medios de comunicación y redes sociales peruanas e internacionales. Entre los resultados, se encuentran metáforas como el virus es enemigo y los ciudadanos son soldados, que son empleadas con frecuencia en el discurso. Este trabajo concluye que la comparación responde a la coyuntura pandémica por la que atraviesa el mundo, el cual considera que se enfrenta a una guerra, idea que es reforzada por los medios. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Peru 2020: the interruption of political continuity?(Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2021-01-01)After Peru’s democratic transition in 2000, analysts have described the country as a case of significant political continuity. Among other aspects, the economic model adopted in the 90’s was left untouched, public policy was controlled by the Executive, a relatively weak Congress meant the predominance of the Executive, and there was no broad-scale social protests at the national level. During the 2016-2020 period, a significant change occurred in the Executive-Legislative power dynamics. This transformation could affect other di-mensions of the 20-year long political continuity. Generally speaking, the Executive and its technocrats have lost strength in relation to Congress’ greater protagonism. The latter has managed to obtain greater control over budget, and has started to use regularly some parliamentary prerogatives such as the vote of no confidence and presidential impeachment. These tendencies continued to consolidate with the new Congress elected in 2020 after the dissolution of the preceding one by President Vizcarra. The latter was in turn impeached by the new Congress. The year 2020 was marked by a greater propensity by Congress to promote populist measures and criticize the existing economic model, in the midst of a pandemic that strongly hit Peru and affected the country harshly. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The regulation of COVID-19 clinical trials in Peru(Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2021-01-01)COVID-19 has affected the conduct of clinical trials worldwide. Once the health emergency began in Peru, the national government took measures to guarantee the conduct of COVID-19 clinical trials. A national research ethics committee was exclusively established for COVID-19 clinical trials; and a regulatory framework was implemented to ensure the ethical and timely conduct of these studies. To december 31, 2020, the Peruvian National Health Institute authorized 29 clinical trials, of which 4 test vaccines. The mean and standard deviation of time authorization were 19.3 and 10.5 days, respectively. 58.6% (n= 17) were phase II clinical trials and 34.5% (n= 10) were phase III; 31.0% (n= 9) were sponsored by a Peruvian institution. The aim of the actions implemented was to promote COVID-19 research while responding to the health emergency needs without affecting the protection of participants or the rigor of the studies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, El empleador como garante de la seguridad del trabajo en el Código Penal peruano. Globalización, riesgo típico y COVID-19(Facultad de Derecho, 2021-03-08)La actual pandemia de la COVID-19 ha puesto de manifiesto los riesgos a los que se enfrentan las personas en la sociedad globalizada. Esta crisis sanitaria pone de relieve, además, los riesgos a los que se enfrentan los trabajadores a causa de la realización de un trabajo o prestación de un servicio. En este artículo se abordan las transformaciones económicas y políticas de la globalización, a partir de la global supply chain y el surgimiento de autoridades privadas, y sus consecuencias para el mercado de trabajo. A partir de ahí, se analiza la protección penal de la seguridad del trabajo en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano, partiendo de un bien jurídico que se derive del concepto de trabajo decente y que sirva de barrera frente a la mercantilización del trabajo en la economía globalizada. Se pone especial énfasis en el empleador como responsable por evitar los riesgos que se produzcan con ocasión de la prestación de servicios y cómo esta responsabilidad opera en el contexto de la COVID-19. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Challenges for higher education in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic(Universidad Cientifica del Sur, 2021-08-30)This essay describes and reflects on the experience of higher education in the context of the public health emergency resulting from COVID-19 and declared from March 2020 to the present. The closure of university settings has created considerable challenges for students and teachers nationwide. In this context, virtual education was implemented, in order to reduce infections and also to ensure the continuity of studies for young people. Virtual education brought about changes, most of which were forced and unplanned; however, they have also constituted an opportunity for the implementation of learning platforms and technologies. Based on a review and analysis of the scientific literature, this paper discusses the implications for students and teachers of this new virtual education scenario in Peru.