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Language: search.filters.language.EnglishSubject: search.filters.subject.X-ray diffraction

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    Strain and grain size determination of CeO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles: comparing integral breadth methods versus Rietveld, µ-Raman, and TEM
    (MDPI, 2021-09-01)
    Various crystallite size estimation methods were used to analyze X-ray diffractograms of spherical cerium dioxide and titanium dioxide anatase nanoparticles aiming to evaluate their reliability and limitations. The microstructural parameters were estimated from several integral breadth methods such as Scherrer, Monshi, Williamson–Hall, and their variants: (i) uniform deformation model, (ii) uniform strain deformation model, and (iii) uniform deformation energy density model. We also employed the size–strain plot and Halder–Wagner method. For this purpose, an instrumental resolution function of an Al2O3 standard was used to subtract the instrumental broadening to estimate the crystallite sizes and strain, and the linear regression analysis was used to compare all the models based on the coefficient of determination. The Rietveld whole powder pattern decomposition method was introduced for comparison purposes, being the best candidate to fit the X-ray diffraction data of metal-oxide nanoparticles. Refined microstructural parameters were obtained using the anisotropic spherical harmonic size approach and correlated with the above estimation methods and transmission electron microscopy images. In addition, µ-Raman spectra were recorded for each material, estimating the mean crystallite size for comparison by means of a phonon confinement model.
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    Silicon carbide formation in reactive silicon-carbon multilayers
    (Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022-01-01)
    An alternative low thermal budget silicon carbide syntheses route is presented. The method is based on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of binary silicon-carbon-based reactive mul-tilayers. With this technique, it is possible to obtain cubic polycrystalline silicon carbide at relatively low annealing temperatures by a solid state reaction. The reaction starts above 600 °C. The transformation process proceeds in a four-step process. The reaction enthalpy was determined to be (-70 ± 4) kJ/mol.
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    A Pilot Study of Ceramic Production in a Residential Compound at Cerro de Oro, Cañete, (550–950 CE), An Urban Settlement in the South Coast of Perú
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025-01-01)
    This article presents a synthesis of research on the chaîne opératoire of ceramic production at Cerro de Oro (550–950 CE), a significant archaeological site on the southern Peruvian coast. Specifically, we discuss the association of ceramic paste recipes (clays and added tempers), vessel forms, and decoration within a residential compound to consider the organization of ceramic production. To do so, this study integrates new data with previous results obtained from Mössbauer spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and other studies of ceramics from the same and other compounds. The objective is to see if specific forms, decorations, or groups of people may be associated with certain paste recipes. We argue that identifying the absence or presence of these types of associations will allow us to better understand ceramic production at Cerro de Oro and particularly the role residential groups played in this process.
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