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    Macabalaca: New evidence of the Kotosh religious tradition in the Huarmey Valley, Peru
    (Cambridge University Press, 2022-12-23)
    Rescue excavations at the site of Macabalaca (PV35-72) in the Huarmey Valley, Peru, identified a rectangular structure with niches on its walls and a floor with a central hearth. We present results of those excavations, emphasizing the stratigraphic components and relative chronology. We conclude that the structure belongs to the Kotosh Religious Tradition (KRT) and can be preliminarily placed in the Late Archaic (2800-1800 BC) or Early Formative period (1800-1200 BC).
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    Teenage Pregnancy in Tambogrande, Peru: Causes, Consequences and Cycles of Violence and Disadvantage
    (Taylor & Francis, 2023-04-13)
    Teenage pregnancy carries adverse consequences for health and well-being. In this article, we investigate the perceived causes, consequences and cycles of violence and disadvantage associated with teenage pregnancy in Tambogrande, Peru using an applied anthropological approach. Data were drawn from a larger project investigating the relationship between water insecurity and gender-based violence in Indonesia and Peru. The analysis presented here is derived from 49 semi-structured interviews and 5 focus groups with local community members and stakeholders in Peru. Study participants highlighted two main factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Tambogrande: machismo and religious deterrents to contraceptive use. Participants described how these factors overlapped, resulting in gendered power imbalances that increased the risk of violence, decreased educational opportunities, and reduced the economic independence of women. However, study participants stated that educational interventions targeting machismo could reduce teenage pregnancy and break the associated cycle of disadvantage. Future research will further investigate local social and gender norms to inform the design of a rights-based educational intervention, targeting upstream factors associated with teenage pregnancy in this area.
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    Neoliberal Order, Culture, Religion and Politics in the Rise of the Extreme Right in Twenty-First-Century Peru
    (Palgrave Macmillan, 2025-01-01)
    Since the last two decades, Peru has been the scene of the radicalization of some of its political right-wingers, as well as the emergence of new and even more radical ones. All of them fit within the universe of the so-called extreme right, ultra-right or radical right. Their discourses are extremely conservative, nationalist, violent, racist and homophobic, with a Christian religious background of fundamentalist and dogmatic content, among other features. This is part of the history of the right wing in Peru, but linked to contemporary national and global political and socio-cultural processes. This social and political phenomenon seems to involve, among others, three fundamental factors that this paper explores from a historical and descriptive perspective. First, a historical tradition of political and ideological orientation of the tractional right, from which the extreme right inherits some distinctive features. Secondly, the profound and irreversible structural transformation of Peru due to the constitution of the neoliberal State during the successive regimes of Alberto Fujimori (1990–2000); furthermore, due to the strengthening of the economic and political elites that made the democratic system precarious, repressed political debate and gave way to the process of political capture of the State. Thirdly, the cultural and religious factor, predominant in a country that historically built its social differences based on criteria of exclusion and religious legitimization of the political order. The discourse of the extreme right reproduces part of these collective representations and is strongly impregnated with fundamentalist Catholic and evangelical Christian values. Due to the relative “novelty” of this phenomenon in Peru and the still scarce scientific production on it, this paper provides elements of description, characterization and analysis for its interpretation. The methodology employed has been the review and critical evaluation of secondary sources of historical, sociological, anthropological and political character, from different sources, as well as the description and characterization of the phenomenon itself.
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