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Professional trajectories of women teachers in the engineering area of a private university in Peru
(2020-09-30)
The aim of this study was to analyze the perceptions of women engineering teachers about their professional trajectories. Regarding the methodology, the qualitative approach and the phenomenological method were chosen. In addition, six female teachers of the engineering area were interviewed. The main findings indicated that the motivations to redirect their professional path towards teaching were the acknowledgments, the promotion of research and schedules' flexibility, despite not considering it as the first option of professional development. Also, teaching provided them with opportunities to pursue graduate studies without restrictions, to care for their families and to postpone motherhood. However, working at a university meant facing organizational obstacles, such as differences in treatment according to gender and age, as well as practices of exclusion and favoritism.
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“We can't carry the weight of the whole world”: Illness experiences among Peruvian older adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2020-07-10)
Despite the high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms in old age, the use of mental health services in this population is low. Help-seeking behaviors are shaped by how an individual perceives and experiences their illness. The objective of this study was to characterize the illness experiences of Peruvian older adults with depression and anxiety symptoms in order to lay the foundation for tailored community-based mental health interventions. Methods: In this qualitative study, we conducted in-depth interviews with a purposively selected sample of older adults (≥ 60 years) from peri-urban areas of Lima, Peru. We included individuals with only depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ≥ 10), only anxiety symptoms (Beck Anxiety Inventory ≥ 16), with depressive and anxiety symptoms, and older adults who mentioned they had received mental health treatment/care. The interview guide included the following topics: perceptions and experiences about depression and anxiety; perceptions about the relationship between physical chronic diseases and mental health; experiences with mental health professionals and treatments, and coping mechanisms. Data collection was conducted between October 2018 and February 2019. Results: We interviewed 38 participants (23 women, 15 men) with a mean age of 67.9 years. Participants' ideas and perceptions of depression and anxiety showed considerable overlap. Participants attributed depression and anxiety mainly to familial and financial problems, loneliness, loss of independence and past traumatic experiences. Coping strategies used by older adults included 'self-reflection and adaptation' to circumstances, 'do your part', and seeking 'emotional support' mainly from non-professionals (relatives, friends, acquaintances, and religion). Conclusions: Illness experiences of depression and anxiety set the pathway for tailored community-based mental health interventions for older adults. Overlapping narratives and perceptions of depression and anxiety suggest that these conditions should be addressed together. Mental health interventions should incorporate addressing areas related to depression and anxiety such as prevention of loss of independence, trauma, and loneliness. Good acceptability of receiving emotional support for non-professionals might offer an opportunity to incorporate them when delivering mental health care to older adults.
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Brand ageing: an analysis from a Latin American perspective
(Emerald, 2021-11-11)
Acknowledging that brands age over time, this paper aims to investigate the exogenous and endogenous factors that influence this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The literature on brand ageing is scarce. Through a study of several Colombian organisations that have an international presence, the paper uses a grounded-theory qualitative methodology, including in-depth interviews and documentary brand reviews over a longitudinal time dimension, to perform an analysis of specific aspects that affect brand ageing processes. Findings The results revealed that the factors that determine brand ageing can be classified into the following two subgroups: exogenous (conditions of the economic environment, category conditions, entrance of new competitors, ageing current consumers and entry of new consumers) and endogenous (organisational growth, upper management convictions, marketing structure, brand architecture, inappropriate naming and obsolete brand image) factors. Originality/value This research provides substantial academic value and insights that allow a better understanding of specific aspects that influence the brand ageing process.
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Personal experience of Latin American therapists on their clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-01-01)
The health conditions generated by the COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted in-person therapy, and as a result online therapy was put into practice. The objective of this study was to describe and analyse, from the perspective of the therapist, how the pandemic has influenced their experience and clinical practice. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 Latin American therapists who had performed online therapy during the pandemic. The information was analysed following the coding procedures of the Grounded Theory. Three core categories were constructed from the analysis: (a) impact on the therapist: spiral of uncertainty, oppression and adaptive astonishment; (b) incorporation of technologies into clinical practice: ‘I never thought they could help’; and (c) transformation of the practice of psychotherapy: ‘water always finds its way’. The model incorporates and relates therapists’ perceptions of their professional work, patients’ attitudes towards this new psychotherapy method, perception of the therapeutic relationship and process, and the facilitators and obstacles experienced in online therapy.
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Education and qualitative research: Approaches to educational practice as a research object
(Universidad Cientifica del Sur, 2024-01-31)
This essay reflects on the relationship between qualitative research and the study of educational practice. Based on a review and analysis of scientific literature, it is argued that the need to study social practices, especially subaltern ones, is the context of legitimation of qualitative research in the social sciences and this allows us to identify a series of epistemological motives that constitute this approach. Educational practices are problematized from the notion of field proposed by Bourdieu. As central conclusions, the theoretical and epistemological implications of approaching the practices of educational agents from a qualitative approach are argued. The need to strengthen the epistemological, theoretical and ethical-political discussion of research on educational practices is emphasized, and a set of questions that could guide the study of teachers’ reality are problematized.
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Enablers and Barriers to Adopt the Locally Developed Masi Mechanical Ventilator Amid COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-09-01)
Background: Limited supply of resources during the COVID-19 emergency encouraged the local development of the Masi mechanical ventilator (MV). Despite the efforts to promote Masi, adopting this innovation faced multiple obstacles, regardless of its performance. We explored the perceptions among healthcare personnel towards incorporating Masi to provide ventilatory support to COVID-19 patients during the second wave in Peru (January to June 2021). Methods: We conducted twelve in-depth virtual interviews. Topics included experience when handling Masi, the impact of the training received, confidence in the device, barriers perceived, and enablers identified. All participants provided verbal informed consent. Results: Most of the participants were male physicians. Participants belonged to seven hospitals that exhibited a wide range of healthcare capacities. Globally, the adoption of Masi MV was driven by the scarcity of ventilatory devices in the wards and reinforced by appropriate training and prompt technical support. Participants reported that Masi's structural and operational features played both advantages and disadvantages. Hospital infrastructure readiness, availability of commercial MVs, mistrust in its simple appearance, and resistance to change among healthcare personnel were perceived as barriers, while low-cost, prompt technical support and user-friendliness were valuable enablers. The first two enablers were observed in participants regardless of their attitude towards Masi. Despite the small number of participants for this qualitative study, it is important to note that the sample size was sufficient to reach saturation, as the topics discussed with participants became redundant and did not yield new information. Conclusions: The perceptions among healthcare personnel to incorporate Masi as a mechanical ventilator for COVID-19 patients showed that communication, training and experience, and peer encouragement were essential to secure its use and sustainability of the technology. A priori judgments and perceptions unrelated to the performance of the novel device were observed, and its proper management may define its further implementation. Altogether our study suggests that along with strengthening local technological development, strategies to improve their adoption process must be considered as early as possible in medical innovations.
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Midwives' experiences working with women and girls surviving violence in Yemen: a qualitative study
(Frontiers Media, 2025-01-01)
Background: Yemeni women and girls have long endured pervasive violence, a situation further exacerbated by the ongoing humanitarian crisis. Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is strongly stigmatized in the Yemeni context. In under-resourced, rural settings like Yemen, where gender inequities prevent women and girls from accessing the formal health system, community midwives may be an important resource for women and girls who experience interpersonal violence. This study explored community midwives' knowledge, training, and applied experience working with women and girls who experience interpersonal violence. Methods: We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with community midwives in four Yemeni governorates. A female Yemeni physician and qualitative researcher trained in the ethical conduct of VAWG-related research conducted interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Participants gave verbal consent for participation in the one-time interview. We used thematic analysis to summarise the findings. Interviews were transcribed in Arabic and English, and differences in interpretation were resolved through consensus. Results: While midwives had limited formal training in supporting women and girls who experience interpersonal violence, they play a critical role in responding to VAWG in Yemen. Community midwives provide psychological support, contraception, violence-related health care, and referrals to more advanced healthcare and protection services, including women-friendly spaces (WFSs) and shelters. Lack of training and treatment guidelines, in addition to a lack of supportive services and VAWG-related stigma, were important barriers for midwives working with VAWG. The stigma associated with sexual violence discouraged women from seeking health care or accessing limited protection services. Conclusion: Community midwives in Yemen are well-placed to support women and girls who experience violence. Midwives should receive context-appropriate training and support to work with women and girls who experience violence. The lack of available services and the stigma associated with experiencing, reporting and supporting VAWG survivors must be carefully considered before designing any intervention.
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“Men's is the only and final word.” A qualitative study of community midwives' insights on violence against women and girls in Yemen, including the forms, causes, and responses of survivors and their families
(2025-01-07)
Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a serious human rights violation that has intensified in Yemen due to war, displacement, and pandemics. The cultural stigma surrounding discussions of VAWG, particularly sexual violence, compounded by a lack of resources for affected individuals, poses significant challenges for research and program implementation. This study involved qualitative interviews with 20 community midwives from the National Yemeni Midwifery Association across four governorates to explore the causes, forms, and consequences of VAWG and identify potential resources for survivors. A Yemeni physician trained in ethical VAWG research conducted the interviews, which were analysed thematically by two researchers. The findings indicated that physical partner violence was widely recognised as a crime; however, women and girls facing sexual violence often faced severe social ramifications, including ostracism or violence aimed at preserving family honour, leading to underreporting. Midwives identified patriarchal culture and the ongoing economic crisis as key contributors to VAWG. Health-related consequences for survivors included physical injuries such as vaginal tears and obstetric fistula. Additionally, midwives reported that survivors encountered humiliation within the healthcare system. Most women and girls did not seek help; however, when they did, they turned to their families or local leaders for support. To effectively understand, prevent, and address VAWG in Yemen, strategies should prioritise the safety and needs of women and align with cultural values. Insights from community midwives can guide the development of VAWG-focused community-led initiatives.
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Barriers and limitations to the development of a telemental health service for workers in Peru- A user-centered approach
(Public Library of Science, 2025)
Over the past decade, the surge in digital healthcare services has transformed traditional healthcare, requiring multidisciplinary engagement to adapt to the digital realm. The rise of telehealth services, particularly amid COVID-19, has been widely embraced globally, but its implementation in Peru faces unique challenges, including infrastructure issues and economic constraints. Therefore, this research aims to identify the barriers and limitations in developing a telemental health service for screening, evaluation, and timely referral of vulnerable occupational groups. Materials and methods A qualitative study was undertaken. We adopted a phenomenological approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with vulnerable occupational groups and decision-makers. We conducted 23 interviews: 5 providers of telemental health services, 5 teachers users, 5 police officers users and 5 health professionals of telemental health services, and 3 decision-makers involved in telemental health regulation in Peru.; exploring experiences, barriers, and facilitators related to mental telemental health. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, furthermore, a thematic analysis was done to identify key themes. Results The research identified barriers and limitations to developing a telemental health services screening service based on the experiences of workers, some of them were related to user dissatisfaction, emphasizing the need for personalized solutions beyond technical aspects. Scheduling issues call for flexibility and improved communication. Healthcare professionals’ varied experiences highlight the necessity for targeted training, while successful telemental health services integration demands addressing resource limitations through a comprehensive approach. Conclusion The study advocates for a holistic, user-centred paradigm in telemental health services implementation, addressing both technological aspects and human and systemic elements. Multifaceted challenges inherent in telemental health, particularly in Peru, emphasize the need for strategic interventions by stakeholders. The study calls for a policy shift towards enhancing telemental health equity through system-level changes and eliminating structural barriers for marginalized populations.
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