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Language: search.filters.language.EnglishSubject: search.filters.subject.Political cynicism

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    Populism in Peru: populist attitudes and perception of the populist offer and its relationship with political cynicism and attitudes toward democracy
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-12-20)
    Populism is a phenomenon that is gaining attention in Political Psychology. The goal of the current study was to determine the relationship between populist attitudes, based on the populist demand and the perception of the populist offer, and several indices of political cynicism and attitudes toward democracy in Peru. To do this, a quantitative correlational study including 391 participants from diverse Peruvian locations was carried out. Both populist attitudes and critical perception of the populist offer are found to be directly related to Political Cynicism in its dimensions of Political Distrust, Political Hopelessness, and Political Moral Laxity, and inversely related to the dimension of Political System Change. Similarly, both dimensions of populism are directly related to Democratic Support and inversely related to Democratic Satisfaction. The findings support the notion that populist attitudes emerge in the context of distrust of the system and express an ambivalent relationship with democracy. Furthermore, the various approaches developed by the social sciences to address the populist phenomenon are discussed in terms of their strengths and limitations.
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    Ideology and political cynicism: Effects of authoritarianism and social dominance on perceptions about the political system in 11 Ibero-American countries
    (Sociedad Interamericana de Psicologia, 2022-01-01)
    This study investigates; (1) how Political Cynicism is structured and, (2) how this structure relates to Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) in 11 Ibero-American countries (N=2388). The results show that the structure of Political Cynicism is composed of four dimensions: (1) Mistrust, (2) Perception of Corruption, (3) Need for Change and, (4) Political Moral Laxity. Furthermore, the study reveals that there is no homogeneous model of relations between the dimensions of Political Cynicism with RWA and SDO by country. However, at a general level it is noted that Mistrust acts as a diffuse indicator of dissatisfaction with the political system that increases Political Moral Laxity, while the Perception of Corruption, functions as a specific indicator of dissatisfaction that is directly associated with the Need for Change and, inversely, to Moral Laxity. Both RWA and SDO increase the negative manifestations of Political Cynicism, but the most interesting result is the stability of the observed relationship between SDO and Moral Laxity in 10 of the 11 countries considered in the study. The results are discussed in terms of the costs that Political Cynicism represents for the consolidation of Democracy, especially in its manifestation of moral laxity.
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    Psychosocial factors associated with corrupt intentions among educated citizens
    (Springer Science+Business Media, 2026-12-01)
    In contexts marked by systemic corruption, even individuals with higher education may express tolerance toward unethical practices. This cross-sectional survey study tested a four-level theory-guided exploratory model examining associations between political ideology, dark personality traits, perceptions of the normative and political systems, and (anti)corrupt intentions among Peruvians with university education. Measures included validated Spanish versions of scales assessing right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, dark triad traits, normative system perception, political cynicism, and a two-dimensional scale of corrupt and anti-corrupt intentions. The sample comprised 250 participants (Mage = 26.92; 54.4% female) recruited online from public and private universities across Peru. Data were analyzed using path analysis within a structural equation modeling framework with maximum likelihood estimation. Results indicated that Machiavellian, sub-clinical psychopathy, and right-wing authoritarianism were positively associated with corrupt intentions, with these variables connected through perceptions of normative weakness, moral laxity, and political distrust. In contrast, perceptions of lack of legitimacy within the normative system and belief in the possibility of political change were associated with stronger anti-corruption intentions. The findings suggest that authoritarian ideologies, antisocial personality traits, and normalizing dysfunctional systems are interrelated with the normalization and justification of corrupt behavior even among the highly educated citizens, while confidence in institutional reform is linked to greater resistance to corruption. These results contribute to debates on the limits of education as a safeguard against corruption in Peru and comparable Latin American contexts.
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