3. Producción
Browse
7 results
Search Results
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Impact of measured spectrum variation on solar photovoltaic efficiencies worldwide(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-08-01)In photovoltaic power ratings, a single solar spectrum, AM1.5, is the de facto standard for record laboratory efficiencies, commercial module specifications, and performance ratios of solar power plants. More detailed energy analysis that accounts for local spectral irradiance, along with temperature and broadband irradiance, reduces forecast errors to expand the grid utility of solar energy. Here, ground-level measurements of spectral irradiance collected worldwide have been pooled to provide a sampling of geographic, seasonal, and diurnal variation. Applied to nine solar cell types, the resulting divergence in solar cell efficiencies illustrates that a single spectrum is insufficient for comparisons of cells with different spectral responses. Cells with two or more junctions tend to have efficiencies below that under the standard spectrum. Silicon exhibits the least spectral sensitivity: relative weekly site variation ranges from 1% in Lima, Peru to 14% in Edmonton, Canada. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Genetic algorithms-based size optimization of directly and indirectly coupled photovoltaic-electrolyzer systems(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-10-15)Since relatively high costs and low efficiencies are usually associated with photovoltaic-electrolyzer (PV-EL) systems, the coupling of a PV system to an EL one is a critical aspect when sizing PV-EL systems. Accordingly, using a genetic algorithms-based optimization approach and considering a hydrogen production target of 100 g per day, the size of different directly and indirectly coupled PV-EL systems is optimized in this work. The referred optimization processes are carried out for five PV-EL system configurations, one related to directly coupled systems and four (one per each DC/DC converter topology accounted for) to indirectly coupled ones. In addition, seeking to maximize hydrogen production, minimize losses, and increase system efficiency, four objective functions are assessed. Some of the results highlight that, when using system cost and overall efficiency as objective functions, properly sized indirectly coupled PV-EL systems feature lower implementation costs than directly coupled ones. In addition, the differences in the overall efficiencies characterizing the optimum directly and indirectly coupled PV-EL systems so determined are relatively small (>1%). One of the original contributions of this work relates to the fact that this is one of the first works dealing with optimization processes of both directly and indirectly coupled PV-EL systems, where optimum system configurations are compared with each other. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, On the application of sliding mode control to indirectly coupled photovoltaic-electrolyzer systems used in the production of clean energy(Elsevier B.V., 2024-08-01)To improve the performance of photovoltaic-electrolyzer (PV-EL) systems, it is key to operate them at the right operating conditions, not only at design point but also at off-design. In addition, when directly coupling a PV system to an EL one, an ideal sizing of the resulting PV-EL coupled system ensuring the best interaction between the PV system and the EL stack is not always possible. Coupling indirectly PV systems to EL ones, through DC/DC converters for instance, results thus advantageous. Accordingly, this work discusses the application of sliding mode control (SMC) to indirectly coupled PV-EL systems, which allows them to operate as efficient as possible. The control scheme employed here includes mathematical models for both the PV system and the EL stack, and for the DC/DC converter and the sliding mode control algorithm utilized. To determine their influence on the obtained results, two different converter topologies are assessed here. Some of the results obtained emphasize that using a DC/DC converter can significantly increase the hydrogen produced by PV-EL systems, especially when it is paired with a control algorithm like SMC. This effort represents one of the first works involving the application of sliding mode control to indirectly coupled PV-EL systems. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Measurement and Analysis of Annual Solar Spectra at Different Installation Angles in Central Europe(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-12-01)The solar spectra in outdoor installations is very seldom equal to that under standard test conditions. This points to the importance of measuring, analyzing and understanding the implications of solar spectra variations with respect to the performance of solar cells. In this work, we present and analyze one year of sun spectra measured at two different angles in central Europe, where the spectrometers were installed at the optimum inclination angle and in vertical orientation, the latter being relevant for building integrated photovoltaics. We report for the first time the differences between the two inclination angles in terms of key performance indicators, such as average photon energy, blue fraction and spectral factor. Moreover, we show the impact of these spectral changes on the maximum current density of ideal single-junction and tandem devices in tilted and vertical orientations. Red-shifted solar spectra were more often found at the vertical installation in comparison to the optimum installation angle, which translated into up to 30% lower current-mismatch losses in idealized tandem devices throughout the year. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Effective Thermal-Electric Control System for Hydrogen Production Based on Renewable Solar Energy(Elsevier BV, 2023-12-14)This paper focuses on the design and use of a control system for a renewable energy production plant based on hydrogen. The proposed control system aims at ensuring the stability and smooth functionality of the plant, which consists of a (i) photovoltaic... - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Optical Simulations of Nanotextured All-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025-01-01)This numerical study investigates, how textures at various locations of all-perovskite tandem solar cells affect their optical performance. For this, hexagonal sinusoidal textures with 750 nm period and aspect ratios (height-to-period) of 27% (moderate) and 54% (pronounced) are considered. The optical simulations are performed with the finite element method and an algorithm to correct for the thick glass superstrate. The complex refractive index data of the wide-bandgap (WBG) and narrow-bandgap (NBG) perovskites with spectroscopic ellipsometry is determined. Texturing between the glass superstrate and the WBG perovskite top cell has an antireflective effect across the whole wavelength region. In contrast, texturing between the WBG perovskite top cell and the NBG perovskite bottom cell has no additional effect for a moderate texture but leads to light trapping in the NBG perovskite for a pronounced texture. Moderate texturing between the NBG perovskite absorber and the metal back contact leads to light trapping in the NBG perovskite but also excites surface plasmons in the copper back contact. Dielectric interlayers between the NBG perovskite and the metal back contact can reduce the plasmonic absorption losses. Texturing potentially allows to increase the current-matched short-circuit current density beyond 17 mA (Formula presented.).2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Yield and performance analysis of PERC, HIT, and CIGS photovoltaic systems in five Peruvian city-climates(Elsevier, 2026)Latin American cities face challenges in designing and maintaining distributed photovoltaics (PV), with limited multi-year, cross-climate evidence to guide procurement and policy. We present a three-year outdoor evaluation of 1.5 kWp grid-connected PV systems based on Passivated Emitter Rear Cell (PERC), Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin Layer (HIT), and Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) modules installed in five Peruvian cities: Lima (coastal desert), Chachapoyas (tropical montane forest), Arequipa (arid highlands), Tacna (hot desert), and Juliaca (high-altitude Andes). Monitoring followed IEC-61724–1 at one-minute resolution, delivering reference, array, and final yields, capture and system losses, and performance ratio (PR). Diagnostics included electroluminescence (EL) and infrared (IR) thermography. Across all climates, system losses were low and stable (∼0.14–0.31 kWh/kWp/day), highlighting capture losses as the main performance differentiator. HIT modules achieved the most consistent results (PR ≈ 0.83–0.87), sustaining high yields in humid and high-irradiance sites. PERC modules performed reliably in humid/temperate climates but underperformed in arid highlands, where EL/IR revealed early degradation and hotspot formation. CIGS modules remained stable only in the dry desert of Tacna (PR ≈ 0.81); in humid or thermally variable climates, accelerated degradation likely linked to moisture ingress and shading stress reduced PR to ≤ 0.72. The dataset demonstrates how harmonized monitoring and diagnostics can inform technology–climate suitability, O&M standards, and procurement strategies. Results support climate-class specifications—prioritizing HIT in humid/coastal and high-altitude cities, enforcing acceptance tests for PERC in moderate climates, and restricting CIGS to arid sites—thus strengthening reliability assessment and performance-based planning for distributed PV.