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Item type:Publication, Vernacular architecture and cultural landscapes in the Sondondo valley (Peru)(International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2020-07-20)Abstract. Sondondo is an inter-Andean valley located between 3,500 and 4,500 meters above sea level. Inhabited, transformed and modelled since ancient times by the local rural communities, an extraordinary cultural landscape has been created through their particular relationship with the environment. Since the pre-Hispanic settlements (Wari 600 AD), through colonial indigenous “reductions”, to the villages of vernacular architecture, which are at the foundation of contemporary populated centres, the territory has been variously and successively settled, inhabited and transformed. Its vernacular architecture has evolved at multiple scales, from domestic architecture to urban structures. It has created spaces for agriculture and livestock herding, and the spectacular agricultural andenerías (farming platforms and terraces) that have shaped the territory for centuries. The latter simultaneously developed irrigation infrastructures and techniques. The result is a landscape of great plastic effects, in a geographical setting bordered by the apus – tutelar mountains – traditionally “sacralized” by the Andean cultures. Such enormous architectural-landscape legacy is now threatened by imported global models of false modernity disrupting the fragile balance of lifestyles and territories. The objective of this research project, ongoing since 2016, is to assess this territory, catalogue its vernacular architecture and landscape units. It also aims to propose projects and initiatives for sustainable local development. The work has been made available to the Ministry of Culture of Peru to support its request before UNESCO to include the site in its World Heritage List. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Knowledge management in two universities before and during the COVID-19 effect in Peru(Elsevier, 2020-12-16)Knowledge management evaluation is an important and complex problem in Peruvian universities. An efficient policy in knowledge management is a critical success factor and will also advance teaching and research. Likewise, innovation is a key resource for the well-being of national economies and international competitive advantage, especially with COVID-19 9 restrictions. This research article has demonstrated that an assessment of knowledge management (KM) capability in two private universities could be used for an efficient policy, in order to obtain the best result in knowledge management maturity. Having discussed how to construct a model for KM, the final section of this paper addresses ways of the incorporation of this technology in the society. The case study has been developed in Lima, associated to two universities with 271 teachers and 5928 students; with this model could be used for KM assessment in all university in Peru. This study uses the “Intellectus Model, Mejia model organizational knowledge capability areas and Knowledge Management Capability Assessment (KMCA) model for the assessment, before and during COVID-19. Our findings have demonstrated the university performance and challenges associated to knowledge management during COVID-19, the new policy for virtual instructions and digital transformation of the educational process have improved the cost efficiencies. However, this system also has a number of serious drawbacks and challenges in innovation, researching, connections with industry and academy; this 2021 requires a new perspective in innovation with a knowledge management scheme in Peruvian universities. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks in the Peruvian Economy Over Time(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2023-08)We investigate the evolution of the impact of monetary policy (MP) shocks in Peru in 1996Q1-2018Q2 using a set of time-varying parameter vector autoregressive models with stochastic volatility (TVP-VAR- SV), as proposed by Chan and Eisenstat (2018). The main results are: (i) the volatilities, intercepts, and contemporaneous coe cients change more gradually than VAR coe cients over time; (ii) the volatility of MP shocks falls from 4% to 0.3% on average during the In ation Targeting (IT) regime; (iii) in the long run, a contractionary MP shock decreases both gross domestic product (GDP) growth and in ation by 0.28% and 0.1%, respectively; (iv) the interest rate reacts faster to aggregate supply shocks than to both aggregate demand shocks and exchange rate shocks; (v) under the pre-IT regime, MP shocks explain almost 20%, 10%, and 85% of the uncertainty in GDP growth, in ation, and the interest rate, respectively; and under the IT regime, all these percentages shrink to 1-2%. The sensitivity analysis con rms the robustness of the main results across various prior speci cations, measures of external and domestic variables, and recursive identi cations. In general, the results show that MP has contributed to diminishing macroeconomic volatility in Peru. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Turning Over a New Leaf: Regional Applicability of Innovative Drug Crop Control Policy in The Andes.(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, 2020-06)En este artículo se examinan las estrategias de control de la coca y de desarrollo en Bolivia y el Perú mediante la intersección del desarrollo participativo, el control social y la relación entre los cultivadores y el Estado. Bolivia ha surgido como líder mundial en la formulación de un modelo participativo y no violento para hacer frente al comercio de la cocaína. Entre 2006 y 2019, el Gobierno limitó la producción de coca mediante el control a nivel comunitario. Nuestro estudio concluye que el modelo boliviano no sólo ha demostrado ser más eficaz para reducir la superficie de coca que las medidas represivas, sino que también ha ampliado efectivamente los derechos sociales y civiles en regiones hasta ahora marginales. En cambio, el Perú ha seguido conceptualizando las 'drogas' como una cuestión de delincuencia y seguridad. Este enfoque ha llevado a la erradicación forzosa de cultivos financiada por los Estados Unidos, en donde la carga de la "guerra contra las drogas" recae en los agricultores empobrecidos y genera violencia e inestabilidad. A petición de los agricultores, el Gobierno peruano está estudiando actualmente la posibilidad de aplicar parcialmente el modelo boliviano en el Perú. ¿Podría funcionar? Abordamos esta cuestión a través de un trabajo de campo etnográfico, datos de entrevistas y debates de grupos de discusión en ambos países, combinados con investigaciones secundarias extraídas de informes del gobierno, las ONG y los organismos internacionales. Consideramos que para que el control comunitario tenga una posibilidad razonable de éxito en el Perú es necesario fortalecer algunas esferas clave. Entre ellas figuran, la capacidad de las organizaciones de base para autogestionarse, el fomento de la confianza en el Estado mediante una mayor colaboración y la incorporación de los cocaleros a las instituciones de desarrollo y de control de cultivos. En términos más generales, este estudio muestra cómo el éxito del desarrollo participativo depende de dos elementos. El primero es la existencia de organizaciones de base fuertes y funcionales que se refuerzan mediante un claro sentido de identidad colectiva. El otro es la confianza en el Estado, y la medida en que el Estado se compromete a permitir que los sectores rurales, indígenas y pobres de la sociedad mejoren sus vidas. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Role of Loan Supply Shocks in Pacific Alliance Countries: A TVP-VAR-SV Approach(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-11)This paper analyzes the e§ect of loan supply shocks on the real economic activity of PaciÖc Alliance countries. The econometric approach is a Time-Varying Parameter VAR with Stochastic Volatility (TVP-VAR-SV), which is identiÖed by sign restrictions. Results of a trace test, t-tests and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test reveal the existence of signiÖcant changes in the distribution of parameters over time, which supports the use of time-varying parameters. The results indicate that loan supply shocks have an important impact on real economic activity in all PaciÖc Alliance countries: about 1% in Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, and about 0.5% in Chile. Moreover, loan supply shocks have a considerable role in driving business cycle áuctuations, not only in crisis periods, but also in stability periods. Their contribution to GDP growth is higher than that of aggregate supply shocks and as high as that of aggregate demand and monetary policy shocks. The evolution of the impact of loan supply shocks on real economic activity shows evidence of cross-country heterogeneity, reáecting di§erent Önancial structures among PaciÖc Alliance countries. Furthermore, by assessing the e§ects on di§erent measures of economic activity, it is estimated that loan supply shocks have a higher impact on domestic demand, while the impact is similar when the model is estimated for non-primary activities. Finally, the sensitivity analysis indicates that the results of the model are robust to di§erent priors speciÖcations, to di§erent measures of external variables, and to multiple sets of sign restrictions. Moreover, by applying an agnostic identiÖcation, the results indicate that even letting the response of GDP unrestricted, its response to loan supply shocks remains positive and signiÖcant. With this multiple speciÖcation, the impact of loan supply shocks on GDP growth ranges between 0.8% and 1.2% in Peru and Colombia, and between 0.5% and 0.8% in Chile. These results are close to the baseline estimation and show robustness. Regarding Mexico, it is estimated that the impact of loan supply shocks varies between 0.8%-3.5%. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, ¿Semillas mejoradas como escape de la pobreza? Evidencia cualitativa y cuantitativa para la sierra sur del Perú.(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-10)El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad esclarecer y cuantificar los potenciales efectos de la adopción de tecnologías agrícolas ―semillas mejoradas― en la reducción de la pobreza rural, enfocándose en los hogares productores a pequeña escala en los Andes peruanos del sur. Para ello se emplea un método de análisis basado en el ‘propensity score matching’ para hallar las relaciones causales del tratamiento. Los resultados indican que existe una relación robusta y significativa entre la adopción de dichas tecnologías y el bienestar de los agricultores, aunque estos resultados dependen en gran medida del tamaño de la parcela y de la proporción regada de la misma. Asimismo, la evidencia cualitativa indica que la asistencia técnica y capacitación (semillas y tecnificación del riego) deben de ser implementadas tomando en cuenta las características idiosincráticas y culturales de los poblados andinos, además de hacerlos parte del planteamiento de la solución al problema de la baja productividad agrícola. El reto de mitigar la pobreza debe pasar por un acompañamiento no solo durante el proceso de producción agrícola, sino también en el proceso de articulación al mercado y organización empresarial de los productores. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Dynamic capabilities and survival of startup firms(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento Académico de Ciencias de la Gestión, 2023-05)Startups provide benefits to countries because of their capacity to promote economic and social development. Nevertheless, startups face great challenges to survive, especially in the Peruvian context wherein they have limited capacity for innovation and a lack of organizational resources. Thus, this paper discusses why the obtention of ordinary organizational resources (e.g., the founder’s professional experience and entrepreneurial team networks) and the development of dynamic capabilities (e.g., the ability to learn from imitating business models and the capacity to adapt products and processes to target customers) are urgently needed for the survival of Peruvian startups and explains the distinction between these organizational resources and capabilities. Furthermore, recommendations for entrepreneurs in this regard are outlined in the conclusion. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Migrant trajectories: Venezuelan youth in Peru. Executive summary(Instituto de Democracia y Derechos Humanos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (IDEHPUCP), 2022-02)Since 2015, the political and economic situation in Venezuela has generated a deep crisis that has occasioned a massive migration of people to different countries in Latin America and the world. More than one million Venezuelans have arrived in Peru in the last five years. Our country has also become the nation with the largest number of asylum seekers of Venezuelan nationality in the world. This massive migration is a new phenomenon for Peru, which has traditionally been a place of origin or transit of migrants rather than a destination. Venezuelan migration is due to various factors such as degradation of living conditions in all socioeconomic strata, food and medicine shortage, hyperinflation, and the decline of purchasing power of salaries, increased insecurity and violence, and heightened threat to fundamental rights and freedoms because of the political crisis. Venezuelan migration, and particularly its situation in Peru, has been the subject of interest from international organizations and civil society, as well as from different scholarly disciplines. However, the trajectories of Venezuelan migrants have not been studied from any perspective until now. Exploration of this specific subject is the main contribution of the book summarized in this executive summary. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, “Transfer of use rights” as a mechanism for the territorial dispossession of native communities in Peru(CIDOB (Barcelona centre for international affairs), 2022-01-01)This paper analyses the Peruvian institutional scaffolding that favours mechanisms for dispossessing land from indigenous peoples in Peru, despite their protection by regulations that recognise them as such and their constitutional status, which imposes binding obligations. International human rights protection standards are therefore violated, along with the International Labour Organization's Convention 169 and the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR). It is therefore noteworthy that the Peruvian State has approved the titling of indigenous peoples' lands that are suitable for forestry “Transfer of use rights" - the main mechanism of dispossession affecting the ancestral territories of the indigenous peoples of the Peruvian jungle. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Remote qualitative research after the COVID-19 pandemic: Ethical reflections from a prepandemic study with families of the enforced disappeared in Perú(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024-12-01)This article considers the ethical complexities of remote research practices in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. It draws on an analysis of prepandemic in-person fieldwork with survivors of collective violence and families of the enforced disappeared in Perú. We shed light on the specific challenges of using remote research processes with victims of human rights abuses. We propose a reflective research practice that is oriented on closely aligning the remote research process to the relational and social context of the research participants. Our main contribution is to reflect on the potential implications and challenges of conducting remote qualitative research with survivors of political violence, and on remote qualitative research more broadly. We outline three challenges and propose key recommendations.
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