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    Discourse traditions and the history of American Spanish: Social settings, contacts, ideologies and challenges
    (De Gruyter, 2022-11-07)
    From the works of Peter Koch and Wulf Oesterreicher to the present, the concept of DTs has had an unusual diffusion and acceptance (cf. ↗7 International diffusion of the discourse traditions model; ↗4 Discourse traditions and the historicity of language: discourse traditional knowledge and discourse universes; ↗23 Discourse traditions in the history of European Spanish). There is practically general consensus today on its usefulness. However, there are still fields in which the reach of the notion needs to be further explored. One of them is the history of American Spanish. This chapter offers a general and introductory approach to the subject and points out new research paths. Although the chapter focuses broadly on American Spanish, most of the references are centered on Peru, for two main reasons: (a) Peru shares with all of Spanish America the same TDs that irradiated during the colonial period, but (b) nevertheless, Peru also differs from other spaces in that it offers documents written by bilinguals displaying the effects of contact between Spanish and Quechua within those general DTs.
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    Internal order and areal patterns in South Asian numerals
    (De Gruyter, 2025-01-01)
    The linguistic diversity present in South Asia stems from its historical mix of cultures, as well as its heterogeneous topography. This diversity can be observed in numeral systems, which play an important role in cognitive and cultural history. We provide the first typological overview of numeral systems in South Asia, presenting a database of 122 languages – mostly Austroasiatic, Dravidian, Indo-Aryan, and Tibeto-Burman, with a majority of data from original fieldwork. We also provide a framework for analyzing numeral systems based on the internal ordering of their complex numerals (teens, crowns, running numbers, hundreds, and thousands). Quantitative analyses based on decision trees and phylogenetic regressions suggest that internal ordering of complex numerals are generally stable in each language family along history, although horizontal transmission due to historical contact phenomena are observed as well. Our study also has a societal impact: the diversity of numeral systems featured here is quickly disappearing, and we claim that it is of the utmost importance to document and preserve it.
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