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Item type:Publication, Supply Chain Innovation and Sustainability Frontiers: A Balanced Scorecard Perspective(Springer, 2020-01-01)Global trade has been growing at a steady pace since the 1950s, which has brought increasing operational challenges to supply chains. Technological advances and the “digital revolution” bring new opportunities to improve key supply chain processes in many sectors, including transportation. However, while embracing innovation, firms have to ensure that they do not lose strategic focus and that their performance measurement systems continue to evolve. This study explores how disruptive innovations in supply chain operations may produce unexpected outcomes for firms’ strategy. We analyze four examples of technological innovation in transport under a Balanced Scorecard framework. Our reflections shed light on the potential trade-offs that organizations may face between different dimensions of performance to pursue sustainable development goals. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Assessing the effects of human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size on manufacturing firm performance(Emerald, 2020-09-04)Purpose This paper aims to focus on the effects of human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size on manufacturing firms’ performance. Moreover, it seeks to empirically identify the levels of education that are significant in labour productivity. Design/methodology/approach The resource-based view (RBV) theory is applied using data gathered from the National Innovation Survey in the Manufacturing Industries of Peru. Using the ordinary least squares method on a sample of 584 Peruvian manufacturing firms, the effects on firm performance of two subsamples according to innovation portfolio and firm size are determined. Findings The direct effects of human capital composition on productivity show that the higher the workers’ educational level, the higher the productivity. However, if this relationship is analysed in terms of the innovation portfolio, the authors find that labour productivity in companies with product–service innovation is greater (i.e. more significant) than in traditional manufacturing firms with only product innovations. Similarly, if this relationship is compared in terms of company, the authors find that large companies are more significant than small and medium-sized enterprises. Practical implications The study furthers the understanding of how the relationship between human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size of manufacturing firms positively affects labour productivity. Hence, it can help managers to craft their innovation portfolio according to the educational level of their human capital. This could require that not only human resource management innovates, but also that strategic partnerships be developed with educational establishments to boost training towards product–service innovation. Originality/value This study’s results provide confirmation that the configuration of human resources, innovation portfolio and size plays a significant role on manufacturing firms’ performance, particularly in the context of developing countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Fuzzy Boundaries in Start-up Firms Industries. A Social Network Analysis(Alberto Hurtado University, 2020-12-01)This paper aims to explore and describe the way in which startup firms are grouped into industries. To this end, a quantitative research approach is presented, applying a social network analysis to a sample of Pacific Alliance startups, which were recorded in CrunchBase, considering their operational activities as linkage criteria. In this way, this document offers a new application to social network analysis to demonstrate the need for a different way of classifying startups that goes beyond the industry boundaries established by the traditional classification systems. It also shows that Pacific Alliance startup industries are structured according to a pattern of dominant activity, applied technology and specific use. In addition, there is a concentration on mature or declining startup industries, while growing industries are left in second order. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Exploring the effects of innovation strategies and size on manufacturing firms’ productivity and environmental impact(MDPI AG, 2021-03-02)In economies that are based on natural resources, efforts to achieve sustainability still seem unclear, especially in manufacturing companies. As a result, from a business perspective, many manufacturers have adopted various strategies to maintain their competitiveness in line with environmental regulations. In addition to product and process innovation, we have analyzed innovation based on product–service innovation (PSI), or servitization, which is seen as key to promoting more resource-efficient economies. This study examines the effects of innovation strategies on productivity and environmental impact. Based on data extracted from the National Innovation Survey of the manufacturing industries of Peru, a sample of 791 companies were analyzed. Our findings indicate that, although only a few companies carry out product and process innovation and especially product–service innovation, when they do, they have a positive effect on both productivity and environmental impact. However, this relationship is affected by the size of the company. Thus, the innovation strategies have a greater positive effect on environmental impact in large companies than companies with fewer than 50 employees. Finally, despite the importance of product–service innovation, it seems that this strategy is not yet established in Peruvian manufacturing companies. Given the positive effect on productivity and environmental impact, we conclude by emphasizing the importance of establishing public policies aimed at disseminating and promoting this type of innovation, with specific support for companies with fewer than 50 employees. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, State and dynamics of the innovative performance of medium and large firms in the manufacturing sector in emerging economies: The cases of Peru and Ecuador(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-12-30)The purpose of this study was to analyze the current state and dynamics of the innovative behavior of medium and large manufacturing firms in Peru and Ecuador. It has been shown that the factors that enhance or enable the possibilities of innovation in organizations can be internal or external. This study took a quantitative approach, and regression models were applied to samples composed of firms. The relationships between external factors and business resources following the implementation of innovation were analyzed, as was the impact that these factors had on sales performance, considering the effect of the size and age of the firms. The innovations most implemented in firms in Ecuador were processes, and in Peru, organizational innovations were predominant. There were no external factors or business resources statistically related to these types of innovation for each country. For Peruvian firms, the age of the firm presented an inverse relationship to its performance. The study confirms the results of other studies conducted in Peru, and for Ecuador, these findings represent one of the first contributions on this topic. This study contributes to the discussion of the effects, in emerging Latin American countries, of a firm’s age on its ability to innovate. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The effects of innovation activities and size on technological innovation in South American manufacturing firms(Inderscience Publishers, 2022-01-01)The process innovation approach is applied in an exploratory research using data gathered from the World Bank Enterprises Survey (WBES). Using probit models on a sample of 1,965 manufacturing firms from seven South American countries, the effects of innovation activities on product and process innovation are determined. Findings indicate that there is a positive relationship. However, these relationships can be different depending on the type of innovation and the size of the firm. We found that most of these activities are related more to product innovation than process innovation, and these relationships have greater statistical significance in SMEs than large companies. Lastly, given the positive effect on these relationships, we conclude by highlighting the importance of managers crafting their innovation portfolios properly and the need for further research to determine the innovative behaviour of manufacturing companies in the context of their respective developing country. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Industry 4.0 evolutionary framework: The increasing need to include the human factor(Alberto Hurtado University, 2022-01-01)Since 2011, when it appeared as a concept, "Industry 4.0" has been expanding worldwide, impacting many organizations' productivity, performance, and supply chain, especially in developed economies. Prior research has focused mainly on conceptualization, modeling, and technological and operative improvements in the supply chain. Based on a systematic literature review and considering the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic as a major milestone in the global industry, this study proposes a new framework for the analysis of Industry 4.0's evolution, which is divided into three phases: (a) from the beginnings through 2011, (b) Industry 4.0 Process Development: 2012-2019, and (c) the human factor challenge after the COVID-19. In this last phase, the human factor is equally essential as technology selection and change management. To achieve long-term business success, the implementation of Industry 4.0 must consider human aspects, such as middle management leadership, the challenges of empowering operators 4.0, and workers' well-being. Finally, Industry 4.0 could foster a more sustainable, inclusive, and diverse business. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Innovation in KIBS Firms: The Effects of Innovation Activities, Employees’ Level of Education, and the Sources in the Supply Chain(Inderscience Publishers, 2023-01-01)There has been a growing interest in the study of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) due to the important role that they play in the business processes of their clients. Even though extant literature assumes that KIBS firms are innovators, there is evidence that not all KIBS are equally innovative. Our exploratory research uses data gathered from the National Survey of Innovation in the manufacturing and KIBS industries and uses the LOGIT model on a sample of 311 Peruvian KIBS firms. The effects of innovation activities, employee level of education and the sources in the supply chain on developing innovations are determined. Findings indicate that not all innovation activities positively affect innovation. We found that most of these activities are related to technological innovation, rather than non-technological innovation, and the hiring of graduated personnel favours the development of organisational innovation. However, the interplay with customers, suppliers and competitors gives no benefit concerning the development of innovation.