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    Life Histories with Members of Indigenous Peoples: Methodological Remarks Based on Two Recent Books
    (Ibero - Amerikanisches Institut, 2023-07-13)
    In this paper we aim to identify some relevant methodological traits of life histories - conceived both as a research framework and as a textual outcome - with members of indigenous peoples. In order to achieve this goal, we discuss the concepts of ‘narrator’ and ‘narrataire’, the researchers’ stance, and the transformative potential of life histories, as well as some ethical and political issues that these processes and textual productions raise. We depart from the elaboration of the life histories of a multilingual teacher from the Peruvian Amazon and of a historical leader of the Asháninka society: a bilingual book in Spanish and Bora, the first language of the teacher (Díaz Peña 2017), and a book in Spanish and Asháninka, the first language of the historical leader (Casanto Shingari 2022). We state that a core methodological feature of working out life histories with indigenous peoples is the need for clearly setting out throughout the process the various asymmetries and differences between the narrator and the narrataires. A remarkable asymmetry in the experiences we assess pertains to the linguistic market (Bourdieu 2008; 2002), and it emerges from the different social values assigned to the various codes downplayed in the process of producing the life histories and in their textual outcome.
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    Bridging the Gap: Returning Genetic Results to Indigenous Communities in Latin America
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2023-01-01)
    In response to inequality in access to genomics research, efforts are underway to include underrepresented minorities, but explicit (and enforcing) guidelines are mostly targeted toward the Global North. In this work, we elaborate on the need to return scientific results to indigenous communities, reporting the actions we have taken in a recent genomic study with Mapuche communities in Chile. Our approach acknowledged the social dynamics perpetuating colonial hierarchies. We framed genetic results to empower indigenous knowledge and communities’ history and identities. A fundamental step in our strategy has been sharing the results with the communities before publishing the scientific paper, which allowed us to incorporate community perspectives. We faced the challenge of translating genetic concepts like admixture, emphasizing the distinction between identity and biology. To reach a broad and diverse audience, we disseminated the study results to single community members, cultural representatives, and high schools, highlighting the importance of the history of the region before the European contact. To facilitate results dissemination, we prepared didactic material and a report in Spanish written in non-specialized language, targeting a wider Latin American readership. This work illustrates the benefits of discussing scientific findings with indigenous communities, demonstrating that a collaborative and culturally sensitive approach fosters knowledge sharing and community empowerment and challenges power dynamics in genetic research. Bridging the gap between academia and indigenous communities promotes equity and inclusion in scientific endeavors.