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Item type:Publication, Ideology and political cynicism: Effects of authoritarianism and social dominance on perceptions about the political system in 11 Ibero-American countries(Sociedad Interamericana de Psicologia, 2022-01-01)This study investigates; (1) how Political Cynicism is structured and, (2) how this structure relates to Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) in 11 Ibero-American countries (N=2388). The results show that the structure of Political Cynicism is composed of four dimensions: (1) Mistrust, (2) Perception of Corruption, (3) Need for Change and, (4) Political Moral Laxity. Furthermore, the study reveals that there is no homogeneous model of relations between the dimensions of Political Cynicism with RWA and SDO by country. However, at a general level it is noted that Mistrust acts as a diffuse indicator of dissatisfaction with the political system that increases Political Moral Laxity, while the Perception of Corruption, functions as a specific indicator of dissatisfaction that is directly associated with the Need for Change and, inversely, to Moral Laxity. Both RWA and SDO increase the negative manifestations of Political Cynicism, but the most interesting result is the stability of the observed relationship between SDO and Moral Laxity in 10 of the 11 countries considered in the study. The results are discussed in terms of the costs that Political Cynicism represents for the consolidation of Democracy, especially in its manifestation of moral laxity. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Corporate structure and prevention: The three lines model applied to Latin American companies(Virtus Interpress, 2024-01-01)The economic environment in which enterprises operate is increasingly harsh and complex, making business more complex, volatile and uncertain. This context requires a change in the management model based on the three fundamental pillars of governance, risk management and regulatory compliance. In this sense, the presentation of the three-line model is considered particularly useful, as it has become one of the most recognized management tools internationally due to its flexibility and adaptability. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the current literature on this management model and then analyze its applicability in business practice through a case study. In particular, the analysis of four companies in the Ibero-American energy sector (Petrobras, Codelco, Ecopetrol, and Iberdrola) reveals that, although the adaptation of the model is generally comprehensive and universal in all aspects, its flexibility is very Large allows adaptation to any organization’s needs and structure. Finally, the study draws some conclusions weighing the theoretical development of the three-line model and its applicability and usefulness to managers as well as researchers and legislators who want to strengthen national business structures. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, GenAI-supported portfolio assessment for complex thinking: a GPT-based innovation in business education(Frontiers Media, 2026-01-01)This study examines the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) into rubric-based qualitative assessment to strengthen authentic evaluation and complex thinking competencies in business education. Conducted at a graduate business school in Peru with 120 student portfolios, the research adopted a qualitative exploratory-documentary approach, complemented by a correlational analysis between human and AI evaluations to enhance the interpretive validity of the findings. A pilot subsample ( n = 12) was used for the correlational analysis comparing human and AI-assisted assessments, while descriptive analyses of complex thinking levels were conducted on the full sample ( n = 120) using the AI agent. The study employed the GPT-eComplex Assistant, a GenAI-based evaluator developed from ChatGPT and configured with the eComplex rubric, to identify recurring patterns, strengths, and areas for improvement without replacing human pedagogical judgment. The findings revealed that: (a) the GPT-eComplex Assistant closely mirrored human evaluators' judgments, reinforcing consistency, traceability, and transparency, although still requiring teacher calibration; (b) the digital portfolio served as an authentic learning artifact to capture systemic and critical thinking, while showing limitations in the scientific dimension; (c) the use of GenAI for assessment in higher education remains incipient and under-researched, underscoring the need for empirical evidence and ethical guidelines; and (d) the responsible integration of GenAI demands active teacher mediation, ethical awareness, and institutional transparency, ensuring that technology complements rather than replaces pedagogical judgment. This study contributes a pedagogical strategy that combines formative portfolio assessment, AI-supported co-evaluation, and the AI-PROMPT Framework, offering a replicable model for embedding GenAI into authentic, reflective, and ethically grounded assessment practices in higher education. The results represent an innovative contribution by positioning GPT as a complementary tool in authentic assessment, reinforcing the central role of human judgment and opening new perspectives for AI-supported evaluation in the Ibero-American and beyond.