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Structural experimental design of a high-altitude provisional dwelling built with timber
(Horizon Research Publishing, 2022-01-01)
This article refers to the conception, design, experimentation and optimization of a timber structure for the construction of a temporary dwelling for the high altitude Andean region of southern Peru. The objective was to design a modular structure, which can be easily assembled and disassembled, adapted to the characteristics of the soil at 4800 meters above sea level, and able to hold insulation panels made of natural fibers - totora. A critical part of this structure was the design of the foundation, due to the hard soil of this region. The structural design of the module had particularities because it is a temporary and non-conventional dwelling. A seismic spectrum design for temporary dwelling was elaborated, with a return period of 50 years and 10% of exceedance probability. A maximum velocity of 130 km/h was considered for the wind design, with maximum resultant pressure and suction of 665Pa and 500Pa, respectively. I-shaped composite wall studs were used for increasing resistance to lateral loads and holding the "totora" insulation panels. This is part of the research project "Design and validation of a constructive technology of provisional housing for the high-altitude Andean region of southern Peru".
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Reimagining the future of business education through educational innovation
(Inderscience Publishers, 2024-01-01)
The paper underscores the urgent need for a transformative approach in business education to address 21st century challenges. It critiques traditional higher education for overemphasising theory at the expense of practical skills, leaving graduates ill-prepared for real-world problem-solving. Advocating for a paradigm shift, it emphasises cultivating critical thinking, sustainability, and leveraging emerging technologies like artificial intelligence. Through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the paper identifies trends, pedagogical strategies, and innovations that support future-ready competencies. It provides actionable recommendations for designing impactful learning experiences that foster adaptability, global awareness, and meaningful outcomes. Highlighting the importance of equipping students to thrive amid economic, geopolitical, and technological shifts, the paper also explores the broader implications of these findings. It offers valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and industry leaders striving to advance business education in an era of rapid change and complexity.
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Trends on Communication, Educational Assessment, Sustainable Development, Educational Innovation, Mechatronics and Learning Analytics at TEEM 2022
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-01-01)
The 10th edition of the Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality (TEEM 2022) brings together researchers and postgraduate students interested in combining different aspects of the technology applied to knowledge society development, with particular attention to educational and learning issues. This volume includes contributions related to communication, educational assessment, sustainable development, educational innovation, mechatronics, and learning analytics. Besides, the doctoral consortium papers close the proceedings book from a transversal perspective.
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Wear - Sediment Quantity Correlation Model for Preventive Maintenance Scheduling of a Hydroelectric Power Plant
(2025-01-30)
The present research is carried out for the improvement of the availability of a hydroelectric power plant through a wear-sediment quantity correlation model for the scheduling of its preventive maintenance, the data is based on the measurement of blade thicknesses, as well as visual inspection to identify discontinuities in the water equipment, once the data has been collected, data analysis techniques can be used to evaluate the condition of the Francis turbine and determine the need for preventive maintenance under working condition. The data analysis detailed is the least squares method where the independent variables considered are power and suspended particles with their nephelometric unit of measurement of turbidity in parts per million (PPM). By means of the aforementioned analysis, it is possible to complete the results with the projection of the wear to years after the data obtained from the inspection point, and it also allows taking preventive measures before a failure occurs, which helps to reduce downtime and maintenance costs. Thus, the hydroelectric power plant under study has an annual average availability of 97.21 %, reduced by the suspension of power generation due to reservoir flushing and scheduled maintenance shutdowns. While the annual average reliability is 99.89 %, it is reduced by unscheduled failures. The result of the correlation statistical model determined the preventive maintenance for improvement conditions of 98 % of the availability in the hydroelectric power plant and is reflected in the reduction of days of no electricity generation.
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The influence of women's leadership on the work–life balance of Latin American women microentrepreneurs: a neural network analysis
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2026-05-04)
This study aims to explore how four leadership styles – transformational, transactional, servant and authentic – influence the work–life balance of women microentrepreneurs in Peru, a context representative of emerging economies in Latin America. It also examines how age and years of experience moderate these effects. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative mixed-methods approach was used, combining partial least squares structural equation modeling and artificial neural networks (ANN). The sample consisted of 345 women microentrepreneurs operating in three Peruvian regions. ANN models were used to uncover non-linear and context-sensitive patterns that complement traditional linear modeling. Findings Transformational leadership significantly reduced both work–family conflict and family–work conflict (FWC), with the highest predictive significance in the ANN analysis. Authentic leadership reduced FWC, especially when combined with greater entrepreneurial experience. Transactional leadership only reduced FWC, while servant leadership showed no significant effect and was associated with increased FWC among older participants. ANN analysis confirmed the relative predictive power of leadership styles, highlighting the superiority of transformational and authentic leadership in mitigating conflict. Originality/value This study contributes to the underexplored intersection between leadership, gender and work–life conflict in informal and resource-constrained business contexts. By incorporating ANN, it brings methodological innovation, capturing complex and non-linear interactions that are often overlooked in leadership research. These results offer both theoretical insights and practical implications for gender-sensitive entrepreneurship support policies in emerging markets.
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The challenges of inclusive innovation: three case studies from Peru
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2026-01-01)
In Peru, very few studies have examined inclusion in innovation processes. Under the inclusive innovation approach, the aim of this article is to examine how collaborative decision-making, collective learning and network building contribute to a meaningful involvement of rural communities in innovation processes. We present three case studies of communities in the region of Cusco, Peru that were users of a new energy system that was developed by a university. The findings of this study reveal that limiting the participation of rural communities in key decisions, validating only the scientific knowledge and establishing no connections with other stakeholders, are arrangements that perpetuate the subordinated position of excluded groups. We discuss the importance of evidencing and questioning those institutional arrangements that sustain the inequalities that are meant to be addressed.
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Scenario design: Key stages and methods for foresight application
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2025-01-01)
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Regeneration of Deteriorated Internal Combustion Engine Components used in Thermal Power Plants
(2025-01-30)
The generation of electric power through internal combustion engines plays an important role in the world economy. Exhaust cases and valves are critical engine components and are subjected to high pressures and temperatures. The additive remanufacturing technology of mechanical components that have reached the end of their useful life due to wear, through the L-DED laser directed energy deposition method, proves to be an effective method to obtain spare parts with similar or even superior characteristics to a new part, extending the product life cycle in the circular economy. The process consists of obtaining 3D models through reverse engineering, additive remanufacturing by L-DED and final machining. It was determined through the study that this methodology can be successfully applied to the exhaust boxes and valves of internal combustion engines for electric generation. The results obtained have shown that this remanufacturing method is an effective solution for the recovery of exhaust boxes and valves that have completed their useful life and can be applied to other engine elements, reducing the cost of the spare part compared to a new one and bringing with it important environmental benefits. In reference to the remanufacturing time, it has been determined that the application of the L-DED process in the exhaust boxes and valves is 3943 and 3677 s respectively. In addition to this time, the time used in the initial preparation and final machining must be added; however, the time is substantially less than the manufacturing of a new spare part, which brings with it an increase in the availability of these spare parts to perform scheduled maintenance in the engines for power generation, contributing to improve the efficiency of the national electric system.
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How Many Democratic Countries Have Conducted Covid-19 Public Inquiries? An Exploratory Study Of Government-Led Post-Pandemic Reviews (2020-2024)
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2025-01-01)
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Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic Against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back
(Wiley, 2025-02-20)
In her most recent book, Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic Against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back, political philosopher Elizabeth Anderson meticulously examines the historical evolution of the work ethic. Through this analysis, she highlights essential insights necessary to counteract the prevailing neoliberal trajectory. Anderson's examination reveals that, since the inception of work ethic in Puritan England, two distinct trends have emerged: one conservative and one progressive. The former has historically focused on associating poverty with idleness, advocating for punitive measures or compulsory reeducation rather than addressing the underlying cultural and economic factors perpetuating it. In contrast, Anderson champions the latter perspective, which places the worker at the forefront of public policy and social reform initiatives. In the initial chapters, Anderson elucidates how the foundation of work ethic can be traced back to the influential English theologian Richard Baxter. In the late 17th century, Baxter advocated for hard work as a “calling” of God and emphasized the importance of eschewing excessive ambition and laziness, regardless of social status. He stressed the prudent use of time and resources, alongside virtues like moderation, thrift, and altruism (p. 16). This Puritan ethical framework, later oversimplified by Max Weber as purely conservative in nature, was also reflected in the writings of Robert Sanderson, another theologian from the 17th century. Sanderson expanded on the salvific role of work by introducing novel concepts such as career selection based on personal strengths and an egalitarian approach that demanded equal ethical standards for all individuals regarding honest labor for societal welfare. Furthermore, Sanderson proposed concrete measures to safeguard workers against exploitation by employers through provisions for fair treatment, just wages, and adequate living conditions encompassing health and safety standards (p. 11). In chapter 3, Anderson elucidates how the Industrial Revolution, commencing at the close of the 18th century, led to a distinct separation between wage laborers and capitalists that resulted in a detrimental impact on the work ethic. The emergence of class distinctions brought about a divergence in the allocation of costs and benefits, something that Puritan ethics had until then been responsible for keeping in balance (p. 64). This secularization of the work ethic engendered an unequal sharing of hardships, burdening the disenfranchised with the sole responsibility for sacrifice and hard labor. Initially conceived as an ethical framework applicable to all types of work without regard to social class distinctions—a concept underpinned by a divine calling lacking such differentiation—the evolution toward liberalism saw a progressively conservative interpretation emerge. This interpretation increasingly favored the affluent elite and the “idle rich” over the impoverished labor force (p. 72). Anderson observes that the 20th century saw manifestations of both progressive and conservative ideologies, embodied by social democracy and neoliberalism, respectively. Social democracy, rooted in a reformist strand of Marxism from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, traces its intellectual lineage back to influential figures such as Paine, Condorcet, Locke, Smith, Ricardo, and Mill. Chapters 5 to 8 elaborate on how this ideology advocates for the equal treatment of all workers, the provision of social security and other essential labor benefits without discrimination, and the empowerment of workers through self-determination and self-governance. On the other hand, neoliberalism, expounded upon in chapters 3, 4, and 9, emerged from the philosophies of Priestley, Bentham, Malthus, Paley, Burke, and Whately. This ideology supports an economic system centered around shareholders where dignity is tied to self-sufficiency. Neoliberalism promotes notions of private charity as well as voluntary initiatives while endorsing policies that emphasize individual responsibility and fails to acknowledge that workers' fates are often influenced by decisions made by major stakeholders in society. According to Anderson, a worker-centered work ethic may be adapted to the challenges of the present by drawing inspiration from an alternative, de-ideologized economic history, such as the one she offers in her book. As a result, three long-forgotten issues should be reintroduced into political and economic research: the restructuring of the processes of production, exchange, and distribution of goods; the effect of work on the abilities, values, and dispositions that make up a full life; and the need to build cooperative and supportive human relationships in all spheres of social life, with a focus on the workplace, where these relationships have been more neglected (p. 288). In sum, for Anderson, the main lesson of the progressive work ethic tradition is that “the most important product of our economic system is ourselves” (p. 288), its current function being “to organize, recognize, and reward work so as to promote the well-being of the whole society in ways that promote the freedom, dignity, and well-being of each, along multiple dimensions of well-being” (p. 242). Anderson argues that society could benefit from a new kind of worker who—because of supportive and horizontal decision-making practices that permeate work relationships—is more accustomed to democracy and better equipped to participate in issues of public interest in addition to those pertaining to their own subsistence and quality of life. This progressive ethic suggests a shift in the normative viewpoint that, like Eduard Bernstein's social democratic program, should move “from the working class to the democratic nation of citizens” (p. 244). Therefore, it is no coincidence that Anderson views unions and cooperatives, due to their experimental nature, as means of democratizing the workplace to develop skills and strengthen capacities intended to establish a democratic and just society. In fact, Anderson states that “we will discover how to organize society so that it promotes the common good consistently with the freedom of each individual only through patient democratic experimentation,” which is in strict accordance with her prior works on John Dewey's pragmatist democracy and with Bernstein's theses reconstructed in chapter 8 (p. 241). A primary goal of Anderson's project is to show how contemporary neoliberal strategies replicate the priorities and methods of policies that, like the mid–19th-century Malthusian Poor Law, were founded on the criminalization of poverty and desert-based claims of distributive justice that are ideologically maintained and benefit the idle rich (p. 264). The recommodification and microdivision of labor, which seem impervious to criticism, are the two primary issues that characterize this tendency (pp. 169 and 248). Consequently, the main objective of social and political reforms ought to be the decommodification of labor or the removal of its status as a good that is determined by economic demand. Anderson's method is akin to Amartya Sen's capabilities approach in that it focuses on redefining the role of work from being market- and major company-oriented to focusing on the autonomous development of individuals and society as a whole. To “consider how access to material goods may be a prerequisite to the ability to work and exercise other virtues” (p. 262) should, therefore, be made possible by the progressive work ethic. The democratization of work and the necessary development of a progressive work ethic are fields in which Anderson's book marks a substantial advancement. But to reach its full potential, some of its assumptions need to be reexamined in light of those experiences that social philosophy and economic history have paid little attention to, despite the fact that they are fundamental to the functioning of the global economy. Anderson's normative claim is essentially based on the European narrative that work ethic currents have oscillated between progressive and conservative since the Industrial Revolution. According to the explanations provided in chapters 8 and 9, Europe transitioned from a predominance of social democratic ideas, which place a strong emphasis on social security and self-government, to a reconquest in the form of a welfare state after a brief interruption during World War II, and finally to what now seems to be the absolute reign of neoliberalism and the dismantling of the institutions of solidarity, with its epicenter in the United States. Regaining them would, therefore, make sense, but doing so would require adding a strengthened democratic component that would serve as the basis for the well-being criterion. Anderson's approach seems to be limited to the living conditions of salaried employees, whose situations are more or less clear and who are already organized in formal firms. Moreover, it appears that the solution is restricted to countries whose political and economic histories are similar to the one that Anderson expertly reconstructs. Consequently, this approach fails to acknowledge the historical and ongoing dependence of these economies on the intricate informality conditions that have existed since the beginning of colonization processes. These conditions include the well-known global garment and textile industry and its sweatshops; big and well-established consumer goods corporations that rely heavily on informal sellers for a large portion of their distribution; extractivism, whose most iconic and dramatic example is mining and the massive black market it creates; among many others. Hence, there are good reasons to believe that the phenomenon of informality in the economy is not directly caused by the implementation of what Anderson defines as a “conservative work ethic” but, rather, by a particular kind of exclusion (both voluntary and involuntary) that is scarcely analogous to the terms that are commonly used to characterize the socially disadvantageous conditions typical of neoliberalism, such as precariousness, oppression, exploitation, alienation, or poverty. However, rather than detracting from the many positive aspects of Anderson's book, these observations emphasize the need for additional theoretical research in this field.
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