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Item type:Publication, Implementing a Group-Specific Multidimensional Poverty Measure: The Case of Persons with Disabilities in Peru(Routledge, 2020-10-01)We contribute to the literature on multidimensional poverty and people with disabilities by developing a group-specific, comprehensive, and policy-relevant measure of multidimensional poverty adapted to exploring deprivations within the group of persons with disabilities in Peru. Based on the Alkire-Foster method, we calculated multidimensional poverty estimates using data from the first Specialised National Survey on Disability in Peru collected in 2012. Our measure included eight dimensions, four of which were operationalised using disability-specific indicators, of which, in turn, three involved deprivation criteria specific to different categories of disability. Our results showed that 41.1% of the population with disabilities in Peru suffer deprivations in at least three out of the eight dimensions, whereas rural populations, women, indigenous peoples, persons with severe disabilities, and persons with communication disabilities face the highest levels of poverty. Additionally, we identified rural indigenous women as the poorest subgroup within the overall group of persons with disabilities in Peru with a poverty incidence of 88.1%. Our results suggested that eradicating multidimensional poverty among persons with disabilities in Peru will involve implementing reasonable accommodations to existing policies and creating new disability-specific policies focused on the poorest subgroups within this population.Scopus© Citations 15 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Stability threshold during seated balancing is sensitive to low back pain and safe to assess(Elsevier, 2021-08-26)Challenging trunk neuromuscular control maximally using a seated balancing task is useful for unmasking impairments that may go unnoticed with traditional postural sway measures and appears to be safe to assess in healthy individuals. This study investigates whether the stability threshold, reflecting the upper limits in trunk neuromuscular control, is sensitive to pain and disability and is safe to assess in low back pain (LBP) patients. Seventy-nine subjects with non-specific LBP balanced on a robotic seat while rotational stiffness was gradually reduced. The critical rotational stiffness, KCrit, that marked the transition between stable and unstable balance was used to quantify the individual's stability threshold. The effects of current pain, 7-day average pain, and disability on KCrit were assessed, while controlling for age, sex, height, and weight. Adverse events (AEs) recorded at the end of the testing session were used to assess safety. Current pain and 7-day average pain were strongly associated with KCrit (current pain p < 0.001, 7-day pain p = 0.023), reflecting that people experiencing more pain have poorer trunk neuromuscular control. There was no evidence that disability was associated with KCrit, although the limited range in disability scores in subjects may have impacted the analysis. AEs were reported in 13 out of 79 total sessions (AE Severity: 12 mild, 1 moderate; AE Relatedness: 1 possibly, 11 probably, 1 definitely-related to the study). Stability threshold is sensitive to pain and appears safe to assess in people with LBP, suggesting it could be useful for identifying trunk neuromuscular impairments and guiding rehabilitation. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The institutional limitations of emancipation: The inclusion of disabled employees in the Egyptian public context post COVID-19(Taylor & Francis, 2022-03-29)Drawing on 26 semi-structured in-depth interviews with disabled employees, this paper explores the work environment of disabled individuals in Egyptian public organizations and how it affects their feelings of emancipation. The findings show that institutional limitations translated into poor public policy implementation by the state and discriminatory organizational practices constitute major hurdles to the inclusiveness and empowerment of disabled employees. Particularly, we find that the weak law enforcement capacity of the state has led to poor policy implementation, and to a lack of institutional infrastructure that can support law implementation. Furthermore, poor organizational practices, such as the unavailability of health and education resources, fair selection and/or merit-based recruiting, and speech-related harassment have further amplified the negative experiences that people with disability encounter in the workplace. All of these factors limited the emancipatory feelings of disabled employees. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed at the end of the paper. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A Four-Speed Reform: A Typology for Legal Capacity Reforms in Latin American Countries(MDPI, 2023-06-01)In the past few years, Latin American countries have started to enact changes in their legal capacity regulations regarding persons with disabilities. However, even when these changes started over eight years ago, there were few to no analyses on the matter. In addition, there is no encompassing theory or typology on how these reforms happen and on their effects. In the present paper, we propose two axes of analysis for the reforms: enforceability and compliance with Article 12 of the CRPD. This matrix allows for four kinds of reforms: incipient, formal, conciliatory and radical. Using this matrix, we examined the legislative changes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru. Incipient reforms (Mexico) are not that effective but can lead to serious later change. Formal reforms (the Dominican Republic, El Salvador and Nicaragua) have few to no effects. Conciliatory reforms (Argentina, Brazil and Costa Rica) are a legislative compromise that allows for progressive change. Finally, radical reforms create encompassing change that is good but might create problems in the implementation.