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Item type:Publication, The Role of Developing and Emerging Economies in Sustainable Food Systems(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-11-01) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Scenario-Based Multi-Risk Assessment from Existing Single-Hazard Vulnerability Models. An Application to Consecutive Earthquakes and Tsunamis in Lima, Peru(Copernicus Publications, 2023-06-20)Multi-hazard risk assessments for building portfolios exposed to earthquake shaking followed by a tsunami are usually based on empirical vulnerability models calibrated on post-event surveys of damaged buildings. The applicability of these models cannot easily be extrapolated to other regions of larger/smaller events. Moreover, the quantitative evaluation of the damages related to each of the hazard types (disaggregation) is impossible. To investigate cumulative damage on extended building portfolios, this study proposes an alternative and modular method to probabilistically integrate sets of single-hazard vulnerability models that are constantly being developed and calibrated by experts from various research fields to be used within a multi-risk context. This method is based on the proposal of state-dependent fragility functions for the triggered hazard to account for the pre-existing damage and the harmonisation of building classes and damage states through their taxonomic characterisation, which is transversal to any hazard-dependent vulnerability. This modular assemblage also allows us to separate the economic losses expected for each scenario on building portfolios subjected to cascading hazards. We demonstrate its application by assessing the economic losses expected for the residential building stock of Lima, Peru, a megacity commonly exposed to consecutive earthquake and tsunami scenarios. We show the importance of accounting for damage accumulation on extended building portfolios while observing a dependency between the earthquake magnitude and the direct economic losses derived for each hazard scenario. For the commonly exposed residential building stock of Lima exposed to both perils, we find that classical tsunami empirical fragility functions lead to underestimations of predicted losses for lower magnitudes (Mw) and large overestimations for larger Mw events in comparison to our state-dependent models and cumulative-damage method. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Requirements Validation in the Information System Software Development Lifecycle: A Software Quality in Use Evaluation(Pleiades Publishing, 2023-12-01)Abstract: The Peruvian government adopted the ISO/IEC 12207 standard and established its mandatory implementation in public entities to improve the quality of the software products. In this context, software requirements validation tasks were introduced to improve the quality of the software product. In this study, the relationship between the improvement of software requirement quality and the software product quality in use was explored and analyzed. Analysis was based on the design of software product quality-in-use and the measure of metrics from ISO/IEC 25010 standard in two software products. The results show that the validation activities introduced in the software requirements stage have a positive relationship with the quality in use of the software products analyzed. In the software studied, it can be said that the improvement of the quality of the requirements has contributed to the improvement of the quality in use of software products. In this case, it has increased time efficiency to complete tasks by 45%, reduced errors for a task by 40%, the number of tasks with errors by 47%, the cost of time to perform tasks by 29%, and unnecessary actions by 53%. In addition, overall satisfaction, user pleasure, information quality, and interfaces quality are the metrics that significantly improve. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Emancipation Really Matters: Why Family Firms Might Be a Preferable Choice for Syrian Refugees in Egypt? An Exploratory Study(Wiley, 2023-09-23)This study explores the relations within the current broader literature on migration and entrepreneurship and specifically investigates the extent to which Syrian refugees in Egypt prefer to establish family businesses and why. A qualitative research method is employed by conducting semi‐structured interviews with 45 Syrian partner/managers of micro, small and medium‐sized family businesses in Egypt. Thematic analysis was used to determine the main ideas in the interview transcripts. Syrian refugees in Egypt were found to prefer to establish family businesses. And the following were considered to be the main antecedents of such preference: action resources (economic challenges and poor salaries in the host country; refugee financial insolvency; refugees' limited social network), emancipation values (refugees' trust in working with each other; refugees' intention to pay back the support/gratitude perceived from the host country) and civic entitlement (governmental support to family businesses). - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Diagnosis of Pregnancy Complications Using Blind Ultrasound Sweeps Performed by Individuals Without Prior Formal Ultrasound Training(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023-05-01)To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of blind ultrasound sweeps performed with a low-cost, portable ultrasound system by individuals with no prior formal ultrasound training to diagnose common pregnancy complications. Methods: This is a single-center, prospective cohort study conducted from October 2020 to January 2022 among people with second- and third-trimester pregnancies. Nonspecialists with no prior formal ultrasound training underwent a brief training on a simple eight-step approach to performing a limited obstetric ultrasound examination that uses blind sweeps of a portable ultrasound probe based on external body landmarks. The sweeps were interpreted by five blinded maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for blinded ultrasound sweep identification of pregnancy complications (fetal malpresentation, multiple gestations, placenta previa, and abnormal amniotic fluid volume) were compared with a reference standard ultrasonogram as the primary analysis. Kappa for agreement was also assessed. Results: Trainees performed 194 blinded ultrasound examinations on 168 unique pregnant people (248 fetuses) at a mean of 28±5.85 weeks of gestation for a total of 1,552 blinded sweep cine clips. There were 49 ultrasonograms with normal results (control group) and 145 ultrasonograms with abnormal results with known pregnancy complications. In this cohort, the sensitivity for detecting a prespecified pregnancy complication was 91.7% (95% CI 87.2-96.2%) overall, with the highest detection rate for multiple gestations (100%, 95% CI 100-100%) and noncephalic presentation (91.8%, 95% CI 86.4-97.3%). There was high negative predictive value for placenta previa (96.1%, 95% CI 93.5-98.8%) and abnormal amniotic fluid volume (89.5%, 95% CI 85.3-93.6%). There was also substantial to perfect mean agreement for these same outcomes (range 87-99.6% agreement, Cohen range 0.59-0.91, P<.001 for all). Conclusion: Blind ultrasound sweeps of the gravid abdomen guided by an eight-step protocol using only external anatomic landmarks and performed by previously untrained operators with a low-cost, portable, battery-powered device had excellent sensitivity and specificity for high-risk pregnancy complications such as malpresentation, placenta previa, multiple gestations, and abnormal amniotic fluid volume, similar to results of a diagnostic ultrasound examination using a trained ultrasonographer and standard-of-care ultrasound machine. This approach has the potential to improve access to obstetric ultrasonography globally. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Beyond the State: Abortion Care Activism in Peru(University of Chicago Press, 2023-03-01)For abortion seekers, Peru is an uncaring state where legal and policy interventions have resulted in violence, persecution, and neglect. This state of abortion uncare is set within historic and ongoing denials of reproductive autonomy, coercive reproductive care, and the marginalization of abortion. Abortion is not supported, even where legally permissible. Here we explore abortion care activism within the Peruvian context, foregrounding a key mobilization that has emerged against a state of uncare—acompañante care work. Through interviews with people involved in abortion access and activism in Peru, we argue that acompañantes have constructed an infrastructure of abortion care by bringing together actors, technologies, and strategies. This infrastructure is shaped by a feminist ethic of care that differs from minority-world assumptions regarding high-quality abortion care in three key ways: first, care is provided beyond the state; second, care is holistic; and, finally, care is collective. We argue that US feminist debates relating to the emerging hyperrestrictive state of abortion uncare, as well as broader research on feminist care, can learn from acompañante activism strategically and conceptually.