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Item type:Publication, Out-of-Plane Analysis of Dry-Stone Walls Using a Pseudo-Static Experimental and Numerical Approach in Natural-Scale Specimens(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-08-01)On the slopes of some Andean cities, the population is at high seismic risk due to their informal homes, built without technical advice, based on non-compacted backfill, and supported by dry stone retaining walls (pircas). In this work, we aimed to evaluate the out-of-plane performance of the typical retaining walls of the city of Lima, Peru, located on the slopes of the central Andes. In this first study, the effect of the backfill has not been considered because only the behavior of the wall was studied. Three walls of height 1 m and three of height 1.5 m were built and tested. The construction was carried out by local workers, following their traditional practices, and tests were carried out on a tilting platform to generate out-of-plane gravity loads. Delamination and overturning were the most frequent types of failure. From the experimental tests, we found that the average ultimate resistance to displacement was 31 % and 24 % of the weight for the 1 m and 1.5 m walls, respectively. The discrete element method was used for the numerical models, and the contact parameters of stiffness and friction angle corresponding to the Coulomb model were calibrated using the experimental results. The effects on the mechanical behavior of the use of through stones and overlaps between wall elements were studied. It was concluded that the pircas could be improved to a limited extent with better construction practices, and further studies are therefore required with the aim of improving current construction practices. In a later study, the interaction between the wall and the backfill will be studied numerically and experimentally. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Displacement-Based Seismic Performance of RC Bridge Pier(Springer, 2023-12-01)To correctly manage the road infrastructure before and after an earthquake, it is necessary to estimate and even predict the seismic performance of the bridge. The quantification of the bridge's seismic performance response was present in terms of displacement and also based on previous research of reinforced concrete bridge pier models. The displacement did define from a force lateral-displacement response diagram corresponding to the capacity curve, calculated through a non-linear static pushover analysis of the reinforced concrete bridge pier model for each limit state, from intact state to collapse. Thus, six defined displacements correspond to the cracking displacement, the yielding displacement, the spalling displacement, the crushing displacement, the buckling displacement, and the fracturing displacement. The six defined limit states correspond to the cracking limit state, the yielding limit state, the spalling limit state, the crushing limit state, the buckling limit state, and the fracturing limit state. Also, parametric analysis did carry out to evaluate the influence, relative importance, and trend of the input parameters in response to the seismic performance of the reinforced concrete bridge pier model. Eleven input parameters did analyze as the concrete compressive strength, the yield stress of reinforcing steel, the concrete cover thickness, the pier aspect ratio, the configuration of the transverse reinforcement, the spacing of the transverse reinforcing steel, the transversal diameter of the transverse reinforcing steel, the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, the transversal diameter of the longitudinal reinforcing steel, the axial load ratio, and coefficient of subgrade reaction.