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    Slow environmental justice: The Cuninico oil spill and the legal struggle against oil pollution in Peruvian Amazonia
    (Routledge, 2024-01-01)
    This paper analyzes a case of environmental activism after one of the largest oil spills in Peruvian Amazonia, the 2014 Cuninico oil spill. A relatively more independent judiciary, environmental legislation, and weak though autonomous regulatory agencies led to a shift in institutional opportunity structure over the previous 20 years. The embryonic environmental state produced evidence of environmental harm and sanctioned state-owned oil enterprise Petroperú. However, that was not enough to produce timely measures to protect the affected communities. Indigenous peoples affected by the spill worked with human rights lawyers and civil society coalitions to bring the company to court. Almost a decade of high court activism has meant a burdensome process of ‘lawfare’ with important legal triumphs for plaintiffs. In 2020, a historic ruling mandated financial compensation for affected communities. Despite these triumphs, the long wait for the restitution of justice hints at an uncertain future.
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    Seeking Socio-Environmental Justice: Indigenous Perceptions of Oil Extraction and Environmental Remediation in the Northern Peruvian Amazon En demanda de justicia socioambiental: percepciones indígenas sobre la actividad petrolera y la remediación ambiental en la Amazonía norperuana
    (Flacso Mexico, 2026-01-01)
    This article analyzes the effects of hydrocarbon exploitation in socio-ecological landscapes of the northern Peruvian Amazon, as well as the socio-environmental conflicts between indigenous federations, corporations, and the State institutions in the former Block1AB (Loreto, Peru). Using a mixed-methods approach that integrates quantitative and qualitative data, the study examines the perceptions of Quechua, Achuar, and Kichwa indigenous communities regarding their experiences, dilemmas, and environmental afflictions in relation to oil pollution, environmental degradation, indigenous life perspectives, and the restoration of their territories. The findings suggest that the expressions of endogenous assessments by the affected native communities and their expectations for systemic environmental remediation constitute key benchmarks within the framework of their current demands for socio-environmental justice, transcending the traditional technical vision of territorial restoration.
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