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Item type:Publication, Impacto de las cláusulas ambientales de los acuerdos comerciales regionales sobre los niveles de contaminación(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Territorio y Energías Renovables (INTE-PUCP), 2021-11-08)Climate change and the impact of the economic model in the environment, forces the countries of the region to establish different tools and mechanisms to face its negative effects. For that reason, the environmental provisions of Regional Trade Agreements play a crucial role in guaranteeing environmental quality. This article estimates the impact of the environmental clauses of the regional trade agreements on the environmental pollution indicators of the partner exporting countries, especially in the Pacific Alliance. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Populists and technocrats in Latin America: Conflict, cohabitation, and cooperation(Cogitatio Press, 2020-01-01)The literature frequently presents populists and technocrats as antagonistic. Although undoubtedly there are good historical examples that confirm this tension, in this article we propose that the relations between economic technocrats and populists are less conflictive than usually assumed and cohabitation a more common outcome than expected. We argue that two conditions moderate conflict between populists and economic technocrats, leading not only to their cohabitation but to cooperation between them: the programmatic mandate of populists and the economic context of their rise to power. We analyse the relations of economic experts with nine populist presidents in contemporary Latin America to show this argument’s soundness. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ferrari five: How to recover control of the traditional channel in Colombia?(Emerald, 2020-04-30)Learning outcomes: The learning outcomes are as follows: to analyze host market characteristics and consumer behavior to develop sound value propositions; to distinguish the characteristics of traditional retail as opposed to the ones of modern retail; to identify the potential benefits and challenges of working with traditional retail; to discuss how informality may affect business relations; and to identify potential avenues to align divergent interests between the focal firm and traditional retailers. Case overview/synopsis: The case described the situation faced by French International Company (FICO), a leading manufacturer of cigarettes, after the acquisition of Fosforera Colombiana (FOCOSA) in Colombia. FICO aimed to leverage the leadership position of FOCOSA and of its flagship brand Ferrari Lights that possess a 60% market share. However, after just a few months, it was clear that the acquired subsidiary was not performing adequately. The financial results obtained were disastrous. To face this situation, FICO appointed as the new marketing director to Waldo Tarantini who has experienced dealing with informal markets. To be aligned to the Colombian consumption pattern of five cigarettes daily, Waldo decided to launch a new presentation of the leading brand denominated Ferrari five, a package of 5 cigarettes at COP 1000. Considering that more than 60% of the sale can be explained by traditional retail, it was mandatory to secure its participation. Nevertheless, traditional retailers obtained up to 56% margin by selling single sticks. Waldo and his team rapidly needed to craft a commercial strategy to secure the participation of traditional retailers in a market plagued by informality, smuggling products and lack of control from national authorities. Complexity academic level: The case is intended to be used at the early stages of post-graduate studies and in executive education programs addressing issues such as emerging markets, informality, the base of the pyramid, trade marketing and product launches. In particular, the case can be used in MSc in Marketing’s students, first-year MBA students or executives following short courses. The field of studies in which the case should be taught is marketing or trade marketing in particular when analyzing emerging economies. Supplementary materials: Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code: CSS 8: Marketing. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, School segregation in Latin America. What is studied and how is it investigated?(Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 2020-01-01)El estudio presenta una revisión de la investigación sobre segregación escolar en América Latina, a partir de un análisis sobre la actividad científica publicada desde el año 2006. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó mediante bases de datos internacionales de acceso abierto obteniendo una muestra de 86 estudios provenientes de Chile (30), Argentina (12), Perú (12), Brasil (11), Colombia (3), México (3), Uruguay (2), Ecuador (1) y República Dominicana (1), además de algunos estudios comparados (11). Se plantean tres dimensiones de análisis: material analizado, tipos de segregación y métodos que se utilizan. Sobre los tipos de segregación estudiados destacan las investigaciones sobre nivel socioeconómico (80%), seguido de la segregación étnico-cultural (que incluye étnico-racial y por procedencia inmigrante/nativo) y en menor medida la segregación académica. Las metodologías cuantitativas son más usadas (56%) e implican el uso de índices de segregación con bases de datos provenientes, de las evaluaciones estandarizadas nacionales e internacionales. Se identificaron también estudios de carácter cualitativo y de métodos mixtos. La investigación sobre segregación escolar se viene incrementando en la región. Esto se debe en parte a la disponibilidad de bases de datos confiables, así como un interés de generar evidencias para aportar a la construcción de sistemas educativos más equitativos e inclusivos. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Lived protestantism: A comparative study in Latin America and southern Europe(Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas-UFRGS, 2020-01-01)Resumen El dossier que aquí presentamos trata del tema de la religión vivida (lived religion), y muestra resultados de investigaciones realizadas en tres ciudades latinoamericanas (Córdoba, Lima y Montevideo) y en una ciudad en el sur de Europa (Bilbao) y se coloca en el área de estudios sociológicos sobre la experiencia religiosa, la vida cotidiana, los procesos de autonomía y desinstitucionalización de la vivencia religiosa. Las lecturas y reflexiones abordadas en los textos presentados giran en torno a las implicancias de la religiosidad vivida en el protestantismo contemporáneo, las mismas que nos acercan a mirar las interacciones, narrativas y prácticas de los y las creyentes ligados al protestantismo evangélico en diálogo con los temas y dinámicas de la modernidad. Estos trabajos hacen una contribución valiosa al campo de los estudios sociológicos sobre la religión vivida, poniendo énfasis en el modo como lo/as creyentes seleccionan, adaptan, reinterpretan y hacen reapropiaciones de las prácticas y narrativas religiosas en la vida cotidiana, en un contexto de pluralización del campo religioso. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Health policy and systems research publications in Latin America warrant the launching of a new specialised regional journal(BioMed Central Ltd, 2020-06-05)Background: Scientific journals play a critical role in research validation and dissemination and are increasingly vocal about the identification of research priorities and the targeting of research results to key audiences. No new journals specialising in health policy and systems research (HPSR) and focusing in the developing world or in a specific developing world region have been established since the early 1980s. This paper compares the growth of publications on HPSR across Latin America and the world and explores the potential, feasibility and challenges of innovative publication strategies. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was undertaken using HPSR MeSH terms with journals indexed in Medline. A survey was undertaken among 2500 authors publishing on HPSR in Latin America (LA) through an online survey, with a 13.1% response rate. Aggregate indicators were constructed and validated, and two-way ANOVA tests were performed on key variables. Results: HPSR publications on LA observed an average annual growth of 27.5% from the years 2000 to 2018, as against 11.4% worldwide and yet a lag on papers published per capita. A total of 48 journals with an Impact Factor publish HPSR on LA, of which 5 non-specialised journals are published in the region and are ranked in the bottom quintile of Impact Factor. While the majority of HPSR papers worldwide is published in specialised HPSR journals, in LA this is the minority. Very few researchers from LA sit in the Editorial Board of international journals. Researchers highly support strengthening quality HPSR publications through publishing in open access, on-line journals with a focus on the LA region and with peer reviewers specialized on the region. Researchers would support a new open access journal specializing in the LA region and in HPSR, publishing in English. Open access up-front costs and disincentives while waiting for an Impact Factor can be overcome. Conclusion: Researchers publishing on HPSR in LA widely support the launching of a new specialised journal for the region with a vigorous editorial policy focusing on regional and country priorities. Strategies should be in place to support English-language publishing and to develop a community of practice around the publication process. In the first years, special issues should be promoted through a priority-setting process to attract prominent authors, develop the audience and attain an Impact Factor. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Dynamics of small Latin American techno-scientific worlds. A view from the triple helix(Emerald, 2020-06-10)Purpose This study aims to compare the techno-scientific systems of four Latin American countries: Panama and Costa Rica for Central America and Uruguay and Paraguay for South America. The overall objective is to explore their performance in terms of generation of knowledge in science and technology using the triple helix model as a framework. Design/methodology/approach The methodological approach applied was scientometric and bibliometric. The management of the techno-scientific governance in each country was analysed; input, process and output indicators were applied and a table of correlated factors was generated to determine the capabilities of each. The triple helix was used as a framework, as the study assessed the capabilities of the three actors in this model (academia, industry and government). Findings By studying this type of small Latin American techno-scientific worlds and the interrelationships between the three actors examined, it can be seen that there is a limited supply of certified knowledge and weak interactions between these helixes and this restricts the development of innovation initiatives. Originality/value There is little evidence of evaluations of the techno-scientific systems of peripheral countries and even less of the smaller ones. By cross-referencing governance information with indicators and generating a multi-factorial matrix, new knowledge is being generated that will contribute both to the general knowledge and to the improvement of public policy decisions in these countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Network effects in mobile telecommunications markets: A comparative analysis of consumers' preferences in five Latin American countries(Elsevier, 2020-06-01)It has been shown that the presence of demand-side externalities can induce the market to benefit the largest firms in terms of market share, usually named as network effect by the theoretical literature. On the one hand, macro-level approach in the empirical literature of network effects commonly use the assumption that a network's overall size matters more to consumers' decisions (global network effects). On the other hand, micro-level studies have suggested that social networks are more relevant to consumers' choices than the overall network size (local network effects). Based on microdata from five Latin American countries, we compare the choice of a particular operator over choosing the largest operator by individual consumers. Our research shows that country-level network size is one among a set factors that determine consumers' choices of mobile operators, once individual and operators' country presence heterogeneity are considered. We find that consumers' local network decisions are important for the choice of operator in the majority of cases considered, and that this result is conditional on the chosen operator's market share. Furthermore, network characteristics and consumer preferences, such as coverage, tariffs, and network importance also affect the choice of mobile network for the Latin American context. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Filling in the Gaps: The Transnational Administration of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020-12-01)Diverse sources have constructed a common narrative of individual and isolated responses by countries and their leaders to the global coronavirus pandemic, akin to sálvese quien pueda (every man for himself). This article suggests that this is a simplification of the governance of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. Peru's governance story is one of domestic public and private action closely interwoven with crucial elements of transnational administration out of sheer necessity. The struggle against the pandemic has generated a domestic and transnational administrative symbiosis, involving authorities at multiple levels in efforts to fill a series of interconnected domestic, regional, and global governance gaps. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Religious sisters in Latin America. Identity, challenges, and perspectives(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-12-01)The writing analyzes trends in the life and ministry of women in Latin America. It provides a quantitative sketch identifying religious sisters’ trends from 1970 to 2017 and compares them both with other regions and with Latin American priests. It exams three patterns, all of them concluding with declining numbers at the beginning of the 2000s.The analysis is grounded on a database that was built using the Statistical Yearbook of the Church. The article also examines the social space women religious have occupied in the Latin American countries over time; the construction of their social and ecclesial identity; and their relationship with Catholic consecrated men. Finally, it addresses their current challenges deepening in three issues that account for their crisis: first, the persistent clerical culture that permeates the Church’s dynamics; second, the disputes stirred up around decisions on their works and expressions of the past but not of their present; and third, the building of their present identity through the complex process of finding inspiration in the confrontation of their foundational sources with present pastoral theological approaches, as those framed within feminist theologies. Unearthing clues to better understanding the Latin American sisters’ crisis is a thread that runs throughout the analysis.