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    Turning crisis into potential: Leveraging the skills of forced Ukrainian migrant women in Poland
    (Public Library of Science, 2026-01-01)
    The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine triggered a large influx of highly skilled Ukrainian women into Poland, presenting both challenges and opportunities for their effective economic integration. This study employs network analysis on firm-level data from the Orbis database to identify 32 key industries - including food manufacturing, textiles, business services, wholesale trade, and healthcare - where Ukrainian managerial talent can enhance Poland's industry space. Guided by a conceptual framework of three mechanisms for integration - (1) Matching and Complementarities, (2) Diversification via Relatedness, and (3) Gendered Sectoral Constraints - we examine how sectoral skill alignment interacts with gendered barriers to shape integration outcomes. By examining industry specialisation patterns and gender dynamics, we assess how leveraging the expertise of these skilled migrant women can drive economic diversification, fill labour shortages, and stimulate innovation. Our findings underscore that these women can strengthen market competitiveness in industries where Poland has a specialisation advantage and contribute to economic diversification in emerging industries - provided that gender-specific barriers are addressed. This study contributes to the broader discourse on migration, gender, and industrial policy, offering an empirical framework for other host countries seeking to transform skilled refugee inflows into engines of economic growth. The findings emphasise the necessity of evidence-based policies that align skilled migration integration strategies with industrial and gender equity objectives to maximise economic benefits.
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    Forest biodiversity and structure modulate human health benefits and risks
    (Nature Portfolio, 2025-05-01)
    The benefits and risks of forests to human health are widely recognized. Yet, variation across forest types and their ecological characteristics driving health effects remain underexplored. Based on a continental-scale, interdisciplinary empirical database from 164 European forest stands, we constructed a Bayesian Belief Network to quantify seven causal pathways relating distinct forest types to physical and mental health. These forest–health pathways included mental well-being via visual or auditory stimuli, thermal comfort, polyphenol content of medicinal plants, mushrooms and nutrition, air quality, and ticks and Lyme disease. Results show that forests consistently provide net health benefits regardless of their ecological characteristics. Forest canopy density and tree species diversity emerge as key drivers, but their effect size and directionality are strongly pathway-dependent. Changes in forest canopy density can generate trade-offs. For example, forests optimized for heat buffering and air pollution mitigation may compromise medicinal plant yield and enhance Lyme disease prevalence. Tree diversity effects were weaker but more uniformly positive. Therefore, forest management should account for such trade-offs to tailor forest biodiversity and functioning to local public health priorities.
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