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Item type:Publication, Soot modeling in turbulent diffusion flames: review and prospects(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-04-01)This work reviews the state of the art of the main soot modeling approaches used in turbulent diffusion flames. Accordingly, after a short introduction about the subject addressed here, the main soot formation mechanisms are described next. This description provides the basis for the discussions about the different soot modeling techniques employed nowadays for soot predictions. Since combustion and radiation models have a significant impact on soot predictions, as a consequence of the strong coupling between chemistry, turbulence and soot formation, a general overview about these models is also provided. For the sake of clarity, the main soot formation models reviewed in this work are classified as semiempirical soot precursor models and detailed ones. Both advantages and disadvantages of the referred soot modeling approaches are properly discussed. In the last part of this review, comparative results obtained using some of the main soot models currently available are presented along with a discussion about the prospects for soot modeling in turbulent flames. Finally, some conclusions and references are provided. Overall, based on the literature reviewed, it is concluded that there is yet a long path to be followed before understanding first and having then a soot model able to properly describe the formation of this critical pollutant for a variety of situations of industrial interest. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Design optimization methodology of small horizontal axis wind turbine blades using a hybrid CFD/BEM/GA approach(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-06-01)In this work, a comprehensive methodology for wind turbine blade design optimization is proposed. Accordingly, a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been initially coupled to a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimization tool. Next, several optimization processes of a wind turbine blade mid-span airfoil have been carried out using the coupled tool. Finally, using the optimum airfoil and blade element momentum (BEM) theory, a wind turbine rotor has been designed and different rotor analyses at design and off-design point conditions have been carried out. Wind turbine blades operating at a 6 m/s wind speed and rated at a 5 kW power output are particularly considered. The use of aerodynamic characteristics of a blade mid-span airfoil for wind turbine blade design and optimization represents one the main features of the methodology developed here. The optimization results show that the determined optimum airfoil features better lift to drag ratios than a NACA 4412 one. From the design of the 5 kW power output wind turbine, blade lengths of 5.244 m were obtained. For the design point regarding a tip speed ratio of 6, a maximum power coefficient (Cp) of 0.4658 was computed. The aerodynamic analysis carried out at design and off-design conditions show consistent results compared to past works. The results confirm that a representative airfoil located between 25 and 90% of the blade span can be designed and optimized to obtain improved Cp and power output horizontal axis wind turbines. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Parallel domain decomposition of a FEM-based tool for numerical modelling mineral slurry-like flows(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-01-01)The main parallelisation related features of a computational tool based on the finite element method (FEM) for the numerical modelling of mineral-slurry like flows are described in this work. In particular, both the domain decomposition method (DDM) and the processes communication strategy employed are discussed in detail. The DD algorithm is based on the iterative update of the boundary conditions imposed on the interfaces between subdomains, the so-called transmission conditions. Due to its versatility in several parallel architectures, the message-passing standard used here is the message passing interface (MPI) one. Since mineral-slurries rheology may change according to the prevailing local flow conditions, Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscous fluids are considered in this work. Indeed, both Newtonian and non-Newtonian laminar flows are numerically studied in two well-known canonical configurations usually found in mineral-slurry transport. The main results show that the parallel FEM based tool is capable of carrying out high-fidelity numerical simulations of mineral-slurry like flows. Finally, in all numerical simulations performed, relatively good speedups were obtained.