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Item type:Publication, La implementación del Convenio 169 en los Andes peruanos: ¿de un nuevo espacio de participación a una oportunidad perdida?(International Political Science Association, 2020-06-21)El artículo analiza los primeros años después de la aprobación de le Ley de Consulta Previa y las dificultades enfrentadas para la implementación del Convenio 169 en los Andes peruanos. Partiendo de un análisis a tres niveles (internacional, nacional y local) se buscará entender cómo un instrumento jurídico internacional termina siendo un eufemismo en el ámbito local. Para esto se ha tomado como referente el caso de Cañaris, que sacó a relucir cómo funcionaban las dinámicas en el nivel nacional, que es donde se toman las decisiones sobre quién tiene derecho a ser consultado. Se considerará a la consulta como un nuevo espacio de participación en el cual interactúan diferentes actores con poderes distintos. Se analizará las relaciones entre éstos dentro y fuera del espacio. Luego se analizará la relación histórica entre el Estado y las poblaciones andinas para comprender las bases del discurso que buscó excluirlos de este proceso. Se explicará porqué la consulta previa no cumplía las condiciones para el éxito de un nuevo espacio de gobernanza participativa. Finalmente, se considerará que la Ley de Consulta puede ser el inicio de un proceso aún en curso que puede llevar a cambios en el habitus político autoritario que existe en el Perú. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Expressions of authoritarianism in Facebook before the salience of news about crime in Peru(Universidad Catolica del Uruguay, 2021-07-05)Under a context of public insecurity, the present study aims to analyse comments expressed in news about criminal acts published on the web pages of the main national newspapers during 2015. Comments were subject to content analysis and two analytical axes identified: (a) The expression of authoritarian beliefs and the implications of these beliefs for perceptions of offenders, and (b) a lack of trust in the public institutions of justice and its link with authoritarian response to criminality. The analysis of comments reveals a strong tendency towards endorsements of violent actions in dealing with crime supported by an authoritarian ideology. It was also found that distrust in the public institutions of justice is linked to support for extreme measures in order to eliminate the perceived threat. Limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, Ideological influences on intergroup attitudes in the context of the Hague Court boundary dispute between Peru and Chile(Universidad CES, 2022-01-01)In the context of the border dispute presented by Peru against Chile in the The Hague Court, this study analyzes the influences of two ideological motivational dimensions: Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) on a set of intergroup attitudes that involve both nations. To this end, a survey study of 196 Chileans and 223 Peruvians participants was conducted. The instruments used to measure ideology and political attitudes are the following ones: RWA Scale; SDO Scale; Scale of Intergroup attitudes between Chile-Peru and specific questions on interest in the Hague litigation and willingness to fight for one's country. The results show that in the Peruvian case attitudes of belligerence and alert and a greater willingness to fight for the country are better explained by the RWA, while in the Chilean case these same attitudes are explained both by the RWA as well as the SDO. On the other hand, pacificist attitudes are explained inversely by SDO in both countries. These findings support the hypothesis that intergroup dynamics between both countries have been marked by expressed actions of a Chilean expansionism versus a Peruvian vengefulness and suggest that equalitarianism will promote attitudes toward respect and cooperation between both groups, changing the frames of expansionism and vengefulness for one of a culture of peace. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sociopolitical Consequences of COVID-19 in the Americas, Europe, and Asia: A Multilevel, Multicountry Investigation of Risk Perceptions and Support for Antidemocratic Practices(Wiley, 2023-10-17)Although different social crises may eventually favor undemocratic and authoritarian forms of governance, at some point, such antidemocratic practices require the support of a significant part of the population to be implemented. The present research investigates how and whether the COVID‐19 pandemic might have favoured greater support for antidemocratic governmental practices, on the premise of regaining control and security. Using data from 17 countries (N = 4364) and national‐level indicators (i.e., real number of contagions and deaths, and sociopolitical indicators), we test how the risk of contagion and death from COVID‐19, along with personal orientations (i.e., social dominance orientation [SDO], right‐wing authoritarianism [RWA], and perceived anomie) motivate authoritarian and antidemocratic practices. Results from multilevel models indicate that risk perception and perceptions of political instability predict a wish for stronger leadership, agreement with martial law, and support for a controlling government especially when SDO and RWA are high, while more egalitarian and less conservative people agree less with these authoritarian measures in spite of the levels of risk perception. We discuss the implications for these findings for future research on similar but also dissimilar external events (natural disasters, war, or terror incidents) and the consequences for societies with higher authoritarian tendencies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Peru 2022: Democratic Collapse, Social Estallido and Authoritarian Transition(Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 2023-08-01)This article analyzes the political situation in Peru in 2022, focusing on the state of democracy through an analysis that combines structural and conjunctural factors. The argument is that the cyclical confrontation between the Executive and Legislative powers –noticeable since 2016— resulted in a victory of the Legislative that led to an imbalance of powers in favor of Congress. This altered not only the 200-year-old tradition of presidentialism in the country, but also the fundamental principles of a democracy reinaugurated in 2001. The estallido emerged as a reaction and accentuated both the delegitimization of the government and of the regime, as a whole. The instauration of an authoritarian government deepened the confrontation. In this way, the country entered an authoritarian transition with uncertain results. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Authoritarian Practices Between ‘Para-Coloniality’ and ‘Cheap Security’: When Chinese State Capital Meets Neoliberal Copper Mining (and Protests) in Las Bambas, Peru(Taylor & Francis, 2023-03-05)How does Chinese state capital operate in the neoliberal setting of Peruvian mining? The article tackles this question by focusing on Las Bambas, a large mine in the Andean highlands of Apurimac. We argue that China’s quest for Peruvian copper entwines state capital with neoliberal and authoritarian practices of state violence in a case of ‘para-coloniality.’ This concept explains how Chinese mining operations build on and reproduce the legacies of European colonialism and authoritarian rule under Fujimorismo to extract natural resources from formerly colonized territories. A corollary element in this relationship is that of ‘cheap security’, i.e. the Peruvian state’s practice of legally selling its policing services to mining companies who use them to discipline dissidents. The article draws on Critical Geopolitics, Legal Sociology and Political Ecology and highlights the shifting hierarchies of power that shape conflicts around copper extraction in the Andean highlands of Peru. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, El gobierno de la carretera(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-07-14)Clashes over extractive projects in Peru between the State and peasant communities have increased and expanded throughout the country during the 21st century, despite policies promoting dialogue and negotiation encouraged by various governments. Rather, the use of exceptional regimes, in the form of declaration of state of emergency to address protests, has become normalized, and in some cases, this normalization has allowed for the establishment of authoritarian enclaves. Why are authoritarian enclaves established? How are they governed? What mechanisms make authoritarian government possible? This article studies, analyzing the history of the approval and construction of a mining corridor, how and why the Peruvian State instituted an authoritarian enclave in the surroundings of the Las Bambas mining project, between 2015 and 2020. The analysis is based on three analytical inputs: 1) the reconstruction of the legal-juridical process that institutionalizes the authoritarian enclave, 2) a characterization of the type of government and governmental mechanisms used in this geopolitical space, and 3) an ethnographic account of the dynamics of circulation and immobility that are imposed in the corridor, and reveal the functioning of the authoritarian enclave.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A Demand-side Explanation of Offshore Autocratic Assistance: The Case of China and Russia and the Consolidation of Authoritarianism in Venezuela(Routledge, 2026-01-01)When do authoritarian incumbents request the assistance of autocratic powers located several thousand kilometres away? What type of assistance do they request? While most of the literature focuses on the supply of assistance by autocratic powers, the framework proposed here puts the incumbents that request assistance at the centre. This is tested by looking at the inter-state relations between Nicolás Maduro's regime in Venezuela and two offshore autocratic powers: the People's Republic of China and Russia. We process-trace the different types and intensities of domestic and international threats to the regime's survival, the high-level contacts between the authorities of these regimes and the various types of assistance that Venezuela requested during the period of autocratic consolidation between 2014-23. The proposed demand-side framework is instrumental in understanding offshore autocratic assistance in which the strategic motivations of the autocratic powers for 'promoting authoritarianism' are less clear than in the case of autocratic collaboration within a sphere of influence. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Efectos psicosociales de la Comisión de la Verdad en Brasil(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-01-08)A Truth Commission (TC) was carried out in Brazil (2012-2014) to investigate human rights violations perpetrated by state agents, especially during the military dictatorship (1964-1985). TCs are supposed to help societies on the reconstruction of social cohesion after authoritarian or violent periods. We conducted three studies with undergraduate students and adult samples between 2014 and 2017. Evaluating the TC as effective was related to higher punctuations on the variables of social cohesion, even controlling the effects of political positioning. The TC effectiveness perception was associated with the emotional reaction (both, negative or positive) and a positive attitude towards remembering the past. Nonetheless, we found some different results across the three studies. These differences are discussed.1