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Item type:Publication, Towards a typology of social protection for migrants and refugees in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-12-01)The COVID-19 health crisis has put to the test Latin America’s already precarious social protection systems. This paper comparatively examines what type of social protection has been provided, by whom, and to what extent migrant and refugee populations have been included in these programmes in seven countries of the region during the COVID-19 pandemic, between March and December 2020. We develop a typology of models of social protection highlighting the assemblages of actors, different modes of protection and the emerging migrants’ subjectification in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay in relation to Non-Contributory Social Transfer (NCST) programmes and other actions undertaken by state and non-state actors. The analysis is based on 85 semi-structured interviews with representatives of national and local governments, International Organisations, Civil Society Organisations, and migrant-led organisations across 16 cities, and a systematic review of regulatory frameworks in the country-case studies. The proposed typology shows broad heterogeneity and complexity regarding different degrees of inclusion of migrant and refugee populations, particularly in pre-existing and new NCST programmes. These actions are furthering notions of migrant protection that are contingent and crisis-driven, imposing temporal limitations that often selectively exclude migrants based on legal status. It also brings to the fore the path-dependent nature of policies and practices of exclusion/inclusion in the region, which impact on migrants’ effective access to social and economic rights, while shaping the broader dynamics of migration governance in the region. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Indigenous Peoples and social protection: The case of the Peruvian Amazon(Wiley, 2024-10-28)The persistence of indigenous poverty and exclusion is one of the main challenges for social policy in Latin America. Social protection programmes, in particular conditional cash transfers, have been among the main instruments used by governments over the past two decades to respond to the high incidence of poverty in indigenous contexts. The inclusion of indigenous peoples as social protection beneficiaries remains a largely unexplored topic, despite its relevance to understand social policy trajectories in the global South. This article discusses the expansion of poverty alleviation social programmes in the Peruvian Amazon. Although the expansion of these programmes increased the state’s capacity to deliver welfare services in historically excluded areas, it also revealed the limitations of existing social protection instruments to effectively respond to indigenous poverty and vulnerability. Addressing this challenge constitutes a key opportunity to promote transformative approaches in social protection systems in Latin America. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Aging across unequal landscapes in Perú: demographic transition, diverging paths, and policy challenges(Oxford University Press, 2026-05-01)Perú, a middle-income country in South America with a population of approximately 34 million, is experiencing a demographic shift toward an aging population. Whereas the working-age population remains large, the proportion of adults aged 65 and older has been steadily increasing, with a rising old-age dependency ratio that is projected to continue in the coming decades. Aging in Perú occurs within highly unequal social and geographic contexts, exposing older adults to disparities in income, health care, and long-term care access. Despite recent growth in gerontological research, significant gaps persist, particularly in the study of social determinants of health such as caregiving, social protections, and access to health care and infrastructure. We provide an overview of demographic aging in Perú, review the emerging landscape of aging research, highlight key scholars and institutions, summarize available data sets, and identify pressing policy and social challenges affecting older adults in Perú. Addressing these issues is essential for promoting equitable, healthy, and dignified aging in a country facing a rapid demographic transformation.1