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Item type:Publication, El impacto de políticas diferenciadas de cuarentena sobre la mortalidad por COVID-19: el caso de Brasil y Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2021-10)Según la Universidad Johns Hopkins, Brasil y el Perú se encuentran entre los cinco países con el mayor número de infectados en el mundo (octubre 2020) y donde la letalidad por COVID-19 ha sido de las más elevadas. Este estudio propone determinar el impacto del COVID-19 sobre la mortalidad, considerando las medidas de confinamiento, la pobreza y la movilidad residencial; ello contrastando Perú y Brasil como dos casos de políticas de emergencia contrarias. Para responder a la pregunta de investigación, el análisis emplea información de mortalidad de actualización diaria y desagregada a nivel municipal para ambos países. El análisis aplica un conjunto de medidas de relación y heterogeneidad espacial local y global entre los niveles de sobremortalidad subnacionales considerando datos armonizados. Complementariamente, se plantea un modelo de estudio de eventos de fallecimientos distritales para ambos países entre 2019-2020, y se miden impactos heterogéneos por edad, sexo, pobreza y movilidad residencial. El análisis espacial muestra que el patrón de muertes dista de ser aleatorio en el espacio; y que los hotspots de sobremortalidad comienzan en las “grandes ciudades” y se diseminan en el tiempo. Del mismo modo, el estudio de eventos muestra que el efecto no es lineal, sino que hay una evolución de corto y largo plazo de las muertes donde los grupos más afectados resultan ser los hombres y adultos mayores. Finalmente, considerando el caso de Lima, es posible verificar que la movilidad tiene un efecto significativo y positivo en la sobremortalidad, particularmente en distritos pobres, lo cual se condice con el final de la cuarentena. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Comparing experiences of constitutional reforms to enshrine the right to water in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru: opportunities and limitations(MDPI, 2021-12-01)In this paper we compare recent efforts towards the constitutionalization of the right to water in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru to understand the opportunities and limitations related to the attempts to enhance access to piped water to the highest normative level. Peru passed a constitutional amendment in 2017 while Brazil and Colombia have seen much right-to-water activism but have not succeeded in passing such reforms. We explore the role of the existing domestic legal frameworks on drinkable water provision and water management towards the approval of constitutional amendments. We find that all three countries have specialized laws, water governing institutions, and constitutional jurisprudence connecting access to water with rights, but the legal opportunity structures to enforce socio-economic rights vary; they are stronger in Colombia and Brazil, and weaker in Peru. We argue that legal opportunity structures build legal environments that influence constitutional reform success. Legal opportunity structures act as incentives both for social movements to push for reforms and for actors with legislative power to accept or reject them. Our findings also show that in some contexts political cost is a key element of constitutional reforms that enshrine the right to water; therefore, this is an element that should be considered when analyzing these processes. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Planetary health and health education in Brazil: towards better trained future health professionals(MDPI, 2022-08-01)Brazil is Latin America’s largest country and has a strong economy, but it is also characterised by many inequalities. These are very conspicuous in the health sector, particularly in health education, which is expected to modernise according to the planetary health (PH) perspective. This paper describes the health education scenario in Brazil and undertakes an analysis of the postgraduate health programmes and policies in place, identifying the extent to which these support the cause of PH. To achieve this goal, this paper deploys a bibliometric analysis to gain a better understanding of the research streams related to higher education and PH. In addition, it presents and discusses selected case studies in the field and cross-checks documents from the Brazilian Ministry of Education against five domains of PH in education. The results indicate that despite some progress to date and the fact that some programmes are in place, there is a perceived need for policies and efforts from education organisations towards connecting PH principles in the education of current and future health professionals. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The new record of drought and warmth in the Amazon in 2023 related to regional and global climatic features(Nature Research, 2024-12-01)In 2023 Amazonia experienced both historical drought and warm conditions. On October 26th 2023 the water levels at the port of Manaus reached its lowest record since 1902 (12.70 m). In this region, October monthly maximum and minimum temperature anomalies also surpassed previous record values registered in 2015 (+ 3 °C above the normal considering the 1981–2020 average). Here we show that this historical dry and warm situation in Amazonia is associated with two main atmospheric mechanisms: (i) the November 2022–February 2023 southern anomaly of vertical integrated moisture flux (VIMF), related to VIMF divergence and extreme rainfall deficit over southwestern Amazonia, and (ii) the June–August 2023 downward motion over northern Amazonia related to extreme rainfall deficit and warm conditions over this region. Anomalies of both atmospheric mechanisms reached record values during this event. The first mechanism is significantly correlated to negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the equatorial Pacific (November–February La Niña events). The second mechanism is significantly correlated to positive SST anomalies in the equatorial Pacific, related to the impacts of June–September El Niño on the Walker Circulation. While previous extreme droughts were linked to El Niño (warmer North Tropical Atlantic SST) during the austral summer (winter and spring), the transition from La Niña 2022–23 to El Niño 2023 appears to be a key climatic driver in this record-breaking dry and warm situation, combined to a widespread anomalous warming over the worldwide ocean. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Paiján Point Technology in Brazil? Morpho-technological Considerations on a Crystal Quartz Point(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2026-01-01)We report a Paiján-style crystal quartz projectile point from Ilha dos Moisés (São Francisco River, Northeast Brazil), far beyond the securely documented Andean range of Paiján technology and recovered from a surface palimpsest. Using diagnostic criteria, morphometrics, and technological comparison with the Peruvian reference series, we assess similarity at the artifact level. The specimen displays a pronounced apical “needle,” a convex-sided body, and a barbed basal unit, shaped through controlled bifacial thinning by soft-hammer percussion and localized pressure retouch within the notches, resulting in marked bilateral symmetry and minimal thickness variation. Selective cortex retention and blank orientation to enhance internal planar features further suggest deliberate aesthetic planning and display value. Despite the surface context, the specimen anchors an artifact-level identification of the Paiján style in Northeast Brazil and provides explicit criteria for future comparative testing. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Fuzzy Algorithm Applied to Factors Influencing Competitiveness: A Case Study of Brazil and Peru Through Affinities Theory(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-11-08)Innovation plays a crucial role in the economy of nations worldwide. In Latin America, countries foster competitiveness through public and private incentives to support innovation. Moreover, entrepreneurship incentives seek to improve countries’ performance, although factors such as low business growth rates and informality can compromise it. Despite the efforts, there are several difficulties in achieving competitiveness, and few studies in developing countries. Therefore, the article explores the relationship between the factors that influence competitiveness, especially the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in Brazil and Peru. The research uses quantitative-qualitative methodology through modeling and simulation and a case study. The authors use the Affinities Theory to verify the relationship between the indicators that make up the competitiveness landscape and its most significant and attractive factors, adapting the methodology established by the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) World Competitiveness ranking. As a result, this algorithm allows us to know the relationships between five factors of economic attractiveness and four competitiveness indicators. As its main contributions, the study advances the frontier of knowledge about innovation and entrepreneurship, as few studies explore competitiveness in developing countries. Also, it offers a detailed explanation of the application of this algorithm, allowing researchers to reproduce this methodology in other scenarios. Practically, it might support policymakers in formulating development strategies and stimuli for business competitiveness. In addition, academic and business leaders can strengthen university-business collaboration with applied research in innovation and entrepreneurship. One limitation would be the number of countries participating in the research. The authors suggest future lines of research. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Frequency and Self-reported Outcomes of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in the U.S. and Latin America(Elsevier BV, 2026-01-01)Introduction Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 1–2% of the global population, with roughly 30% of patients not responding to first-line treatments. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has some support for treatment-resistant OCD but global use is unclear. Methods This study describes the frequency with which TMS was reported to be received among a large cohort of individuals who self-identified as Latino-Hispanic in Latin America and the United States. Among 3391 participants, 76 (2.2%) had completed TMS for OCD. Results Recipients who received TMS exhibited more severe current and lifetime OCD symptoms compared to non-recipients. On average, participants underwent 22.61 TMS sessions (SD = 20.96), and self-reported experiencing minimal to some improvement from TMS. The majority of TMS recipients were from Brazil ( n = 26), Mexico ( n = 17) and USA ( n = 16). Conclusions Findings suggest that TMS does not appear to be widely used in OCD treatment among the Latino-Hispanic population, particularly in Latin American countries. Further study of TMS efficacy and dissemination in underserved regions is warranted. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Antarctica in the wider context of Brazilian geopolitical thinking(Taylor & Francis, 2026-01-01)This paper examines how Antarctic considerations have evolved across four phases of Brazilian geopolitical thought. Drawing on primary texts and academic literature, it situates Antarctic discourse within Brazil's broader geopolitical trajectory and historical shifts. Using a historical and analytical approach, it traces continuity and change, showing how geopolitical narratives shaped Brazil's Antarctic engagement. Antarctica emerged as a topic only after World War II, when Brazilian geopolitical thinking broadened its scope to a global scale and integrated maritime space. Across this trajectory, Antarctica remained a distant yet related space – linked to Brazil through strategic, economic, and environmental concerns – and was framed more as a resource for development and projection than as a central element of national identity. The persistence of ideas such as the frontage theory underscores the enduring impact of early geopolitical models, even as newer perspectives bring science, environmental governance, and South–South cooperation without introducing a distinct theoretical renewal. Despite growing academic attention, critical geopolitics remains underdeveloped in Brazil, limiting reflection on the relevance of classical frameworks. By tracing this trajectory, the study underscores the significance of national perspectives in understanding the evolving regional and Antarctic orders. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Análisis comparativo de la producción académica sobre el pueblo kukama en Brasil y Perú (1992-2025)(Universidad Cientifica del Sur, 2026-06-22)The Kukama are an Amazonian indigenous people who have taken center stage in the tri-border region (Brazil, Peru, and Colombia) amid geopolitical and socio-environmental conflicts, as well as concerns about the disappearance of their language and local practices. This research aims to identify how undergraduate and graduate researchers organized academic research on the Kukama people in Brazil and Peru, based on three axes or categories of analysis: the institutional and educational context, the methodological process, and the areas of interest linked to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study accessed the national institutional repositories of Brazil (BDTD) and Peru (RENATI) and identified 66 academic works produced over the last three decades (1992-2025): 30 from Brazil and 36 from Peru. We conducted an exploratory literature review using a mixed-methods approach at the comparative level. In conclusion, the main results show that researchers in both countries conducted these studies in the Amazon region, with 5 works by self-identified Indigenous researchers and 61 by self-identified non-Indigenous researchers. A qualitative approach prevails (65.15%, n=43), while the rest employ a quantitative approach (16.67%, n=11) and a mixed approach (18.18%, n=12). In addition, the projects mainly contribute to the following SDGs: Quality Education (SDG 4), Reduced Inequalities (SDG 10), and Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11). Finally, these global goals should be rethought, considering local indigenous epistemologies and practices.