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    Multiharmonic correlations of different flow amplitudes in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV
    (American Physical Society, 2021-08-27)
    The event-by-event correlations between three flow amplitudes are measured for the first time in Pb-Pb collisions, using higher-order symmetric cumulants. We find that different three-harmonic correlations develop during the collective evolution of the medium when compared to correlations that exist in the initial state. These new results cannot be interpreted in terms of previous lower-order flow measurements since contributions from two-harmonic correlations are explicitly removed in the new observables. A comparison to Monte Carlo simulations provides new and independent constraints for the initial conditions and system properties of nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions.
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    Wave packet dynamics in rotating fluids within the Benjamin–Ono–Ostrovsky equation
    (Elsevier BV, 2026-03-01)
    We investigate the evolution of algebraic solitons of the Benjamin–Ono (BO) equation and wave packets within the framework of the Benjamin–Ono–Ostrovsky (BOO) equation by combining asymptotic analysis with direct numerical simulations. The BOO model incorporates a low-frequency dispersive term that accounts for the effects of background rotation in a fluid. Through asymptotic expansion, we derive a cubic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation that governs the evolution of modulated wave trains and compare its predictions with numerical simulations of the full BOO equation. Theoretical and numerical results show good agreement for small-amplitude wave packets. Furthermore, near the boundary separating the modulationally stable and unstable regimes, the wave packets display pronounced broadening accompanied by enhanced amplitude attenuation. Finally, the evolution of BO algebraic solitons within the BOO framework is analyzed, revealing their gradual transformation into modulated wave packets.
      2
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    Stability of periodic traveling waves for the hydroelastic Whitham equation
    (Elsevier BV, 2026-01-01)
    In this work, we investigate the stability of hydroelastic periodic traveling waves within a Whitham-type equation framework. The Whitham equation is well known in the literature as a relatively simple model that nevertheless captures rich nonlinear phenomena such as short waves and breaking. Periodic traveling waves are computed numerically, and their stability is analyzed by evaluating the spectrum via the Fourier–Floquet–Hill method. We show that for small values of the flexural rigidity coefficient, small-amplitude periodic traveling waves are unstable; however, as the amplitude increases beyond a critical threshold, we first observe stabilization (not complete); subsequently, the spectrum bifurcates, and the traveling waves become increasingly unstable. In contrast, when the flexural rigidity coefficient is large, periodic traveling waves remain stable for all amplitudes. For moderate elasticity, two scenarios may occur: either (i) the maximal instability growth rate exhibits a monotonic dependence on the wave height, or (ii) complete stabilization is achieved for sufficiently large heights within numerical tolerance.
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    Soliton dynamics under the influence of an external force and induced-damped terms within the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation
    (Springer Science+Business Media, 2026-01-01)
    The interaction of a solitary wave with an external force is studied within the framework of a modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, accounting for viscosity and damping. Using asymptotic methods, a dynamical system is derived to describe the amplitude and phase of the solitary wave. A bifurcation analysis of this system is presented, depending on the parameters characterizing viscosity and flow, and the conditions for the trapping of the solitary wave by the external force are examined. The obtained asymptotic results are compared with direct numerical simulations. The asymptotic and numerical results agree for all types of equilibrium points in the dynamical system.
      3
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    Asymptotic and numerical study to the damped Schamel equation
    (National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 2025-01-01)
    Analytical and numerical solutions of the damped Schamel equation, describing the dynamics of ion-acoustic waves in magnetized plasma, are presented. A small parameter is introduced in the equation before the dissipative term, ensuring that in its absence the solution reduces to a solitary wave (soliton). The asymptotic method employed for solving the equation is a variant of the Krylov-Bogolyubov-Mitropolsky multiple-scale technique. In the first-order approximation, the solution is described by a traveling solitary wave with slowly varying parameters. The second-order approximation yields the evolution laws for the soliton's amplitude and phase as functions of «slow» time. Additionally, exact integral conservation laws (mass and energy of the wave field), derived directly from the original damped Schamel equation, are utilized. These integrals allow estimating the soliton's radiative losses, particularly the mass of the so-called tail formed behind the soliton due to dissipation. Direct numerical solutions of the original equation, obtained via a pseudospectral method, confirm the asymptotic laws governing the soliton's amplitude decay caused by dissipation. Another limiting case - strong dissipation (dominant over nonlinearity and dispersion), is also investigated, demonstrating that the soliton decays as a linear impulse, which is validated numerically.
      1
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    Nonlinearity parameter estimation method from fundamental band signal depletion in pulse-echo using a dual-energy model
    (Acoustical Society of America, 2025)
    The estimation of the nonlinearity parameter (B/A) has the potential to be used in the clinical diagnosis of conditions such as liver steatosis. Recently, a pulse-echo method to estimate B/A based on the theory of the fundamental band amplitude depletion of weak waves, namely, the depletion method, was proposed. In the present work, the depletion method is presented with more technical detail. Then, the robustness of the depletion method is assessed by using simulations that diverge from the model requirements: (1) monochromatic plane wave propagation and (2) quadratic power-law frequency dependence attenuation. Regarding requirement (1), the results led to a critical finding that when using wideband pulses (37%–113% bandwidth), the bias of the B/A estimates is larger than the bias obtained using narrowband pulses (11%–28% bandwidth), even if requirement (2) holds. Regarding requirement (2), power-law frequency dependence closer to those of soft tissues, i.e., 1.1 or 1.2, using narrowband pulses presented bias of less than 10%. The use of narrowband pulses also was shown to be robust when the reference phantom and sample had attenuation mismatches of around 60%. Finally, the experimental feasibility of the depletion method was evaluated, showing results with good accuracy (bias <17%), which are consistent with the observations in the simulations.
      1