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Item type:Publication, Cybersociety and university sustainability: The challenge of holistic restructuring in universities in Chile, Spain, and Peru(MDPI, 2020-07-02)The global challenge of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals present a framework of opportunities, in which universities must respond to the demands of a sustainable social organisation by addressing the issues of quality education, the participation and inclusion of different sectors, and the need to promote university social responsibility. In response to this situation, we examine three experiences that highlight the reorganisation demanded at each of the three organisational levels: (1) Macro: the need for cooperation between different universities in Chile’s “macrocampus”; (2) Meso: the organisation and running of faculties in light of the challenges to renew curriculums with the experience implemented by the Social Sciences Faculty of Pablo de Olavide University in Spain; and, (3) Micro: the integration of students and commitment to the needs of the social surroundings, with the E-QUIPU experience implemented at Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP) in Peru. The report we present is based on a case study, and the findings and conclusions lead us to propose a new holistic-organisational paradigm to facilitate the sustainability of universities. The results of the restructuring allowed us to conduct a meta-evaluation of the sustainability of organisations within a problematic situation (COVID-19), which tested the results of the restructuring objective of Cybersociety.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Stemming the gender gap in STEM entrepreneurship – insights into women’s entrepreneurship in science, technology, engineering and mathematics(Springer, 2020-03-01)Abstract Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields are notably important for innovation and technological development, which in turn are seen as drivers of social and economic growth. Hence, researchers and policy-makers have paid substantial attention to analyzing and promoting high-growth ventures in STEM fields. However, STEM fields are highly gender-skewed, regardless of whether the population considered is students, faculty members, graduates, top managers, or entrepreneurs. This is noticeable in the small number of women entrepreneurs with STEM backgrounds. This underrepresentation of women in innovation-driven business startups highlights existing gender biases and systemic disadvantages in social structures, making visible the double masculinity that exists at the intersection of STEM and entrepreneurship. This article addresses this issue by combining insights from research about women’s entrepreneurship and research about the gender aspects of STEM fields. We emphasize institutional, organizational, and individual factors influencing women’s entrepreneurship in STEM fields, laying the foundation for the articles included in this special issue. Finally, we discuss the way forward for research on the gender aspects of STEM entrepreneurship to help us create the knowledge needed to close this gender gap. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Appraisement of digital competence in students with high performance in Peru(Arizona State University, 2020-01-01)El desarrollo de la competencia digital constituye un reto crítico e impostergable para la sociedad actual y una emergente área de trabajo e investigación educativa. Con la finalidad de dar soporte empírico al diseño de políticas educativas, este trabajo busca conocer cuáles son las expectativas que tiene un grupo de alumnos de educación superior con rendimiento alto y limitadas condiciones económicas, los becarios del programa “Beca 18” del gobierno peruano, sobre los factores que caracterizan la competencia digital, así como conocer las diferencias socioeducativas asociadas a esta percepción. Para ello, se empleó el Cuestionario de Competencias Digitales en Educación Superior (CDES) a una muestra altamente representativa a nivel nacional, 9,469 estudiantes. Entre los principales resultados se puede destacar diferencias significativas sobre la valoración de la competencia digital en función del género, del lugar de nacimiento y del tipo de institución de estudio. Estas variables son especialmente sensibles en el debate público, la promoción y la investigación sobre la competencia digital como el componente educativo en la formación básica y profesional del ciudadano en la sociedad tecnológicamente mediada. En conclusión, este grupo de rendimiento alto posee una visión de la competencia digital que no se limita a aspectos técnicos, sino que está nítidamente asociada a factores como la creatividad y la innovación. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Influence of the use of tools for managing the early stage of product innovation process(Universidad Nacional de Colombia::will be referenced::ROR-ID, 2020-01-01)La fase temprana del proceso de innovación se caracteriza por presentar una alta incertidumbre, por lo que las empresas tienen que encontrar nuevas oportunidades de productos y definir su propuesta de valor. A pesar de que existe una amplia literatura que aborda la evaluación del proceso de innovación, aún son escasos los estudios que se centran en la evaluación de la fase temprana. Nuestros resultados evidencian que el uso de herramientas de apoyo para la gestión de la fase temprana del proceso de innovación tiene una influencia positiva sobre la innovación del producto. El análisis es llevado a cabo sobre la base de una triangulación metodológica secuencial, debido al pequeño tamaño de la muestra que es de 84 empresas innovadoras peruanas. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Influence of leadership styles on the innovative behavior of military higher technological education students(Escuela Militar de Cadetes, 2021-10-01)Esta investigación replica el estudio de la influencia de los estilos de liderazgo en el comportamiento innovador de cadetes peruanos de Norena-Chavez et al. (2021), en una muestra de 200 alumnos del Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Público del Ejército-ETE (Lima, Perú). Se emplea la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales utilizando mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). Se confirmó que existe influencia de los estilos de liderazgo transformacional y transaccional sobre el comportamiento innovador de los alumnos. De acuerdo con la varianza explicada, el liderazgo transformacional explica el 47 % y el liderazgo transaccional, el 59 % de la variabilidad del comportamiento innovador. Esta investigación contribuye a mejorar la comprensión de la relación de los estilos de liderazgo y del comportamiento innovador en el ámbito militar. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Business innovation and critical success factors in the era of digital transformation and turbulent times(Cognitione Foundation for the Dissemination of Knowledge and Science, 2021-01-01)Explore what entrepreneurship and success factors can help drive business to resilience and stability and achieve competitive advantage through innovation in different countries and business realities in the era of digital transformation and turbulent times. METHODOLOGY: Based on the narrative literature review, we present research findings concerning new strategies and outlooks for business innovation in times of many unknowns. Each organization wants to find its way to gain success and create its unique business model, which can capture value creation and innovativeness and be more adaptive, resilient, and stable in critical moments and sustainable over time. FINDINGS: The articles presented in this issue explore the essential factors of business innovation and success in different organizations and the environments in which these businesses function. IMPLICATIONS FOR THEORY AND PRACTICE: This article synthesizes the presented research field’s importance and relevance, connecting its theoretical background with practical research. Recommendations and implications for future trends of this research stream might also be helpful for professionals and academicians. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The novel studies presented in this issue were done in five different (developing and developed) countries and business sectors that present human-based and non-human-based factors as crucial factors needed to empower business transformation in a complex world. Each group of elements is essential in business success, and their components are interdependent. We need to look at the interactions and interdependencies of their components in a dynamic and network form and cannot simplify the reality, focusing only on one group of business components and ignoring the other. These unique studies provide a valuable outlook to establish dynamic, adaptive business pathways towards a sustainable and resilient organizational future and propose future research paths needed to execute structural changes in businesses. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, State and dynamics of the innovative performance of medium and large firms in the manufacturing sector in emerging economies: The cases of Peru and Ecuador(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2022-12-30)The purpose of this study was to analyze the current state and dynamics of the innovative behavior of medium and large manufacturing firms in Peru and Ecuador. It has been shown that the factors that enhance or enable the possibilities of innovation in organizations can be internal or external. This study took a quantitative approach, and regression models were applied to samples composed of firms. The relationships between external factors and business resources following the implementation of innovation were analyzed, as was the impact that these factors had on sales performance, considering the effect of the size and age of the firms. The innovations most implemented in firms in Ecuador were processes, and in Peru, organizational innovations were predominant. There were no external factors or business resources statistically related to these types of innovation for each country. For Peruvian firms, the age of the firm presented an inverse relationship to its performance. The study confirms the results of other studies conducted in Peru, and for Ecuador, these findings represent one of the first contributions on this topic. This study contributes to the discussion of the effects, in emerging Latin American countries, of a firm’s age on its ability to innovate. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Influence of leadership styles on the innovative behavior of Peruvian Army officers(Escuela Militar de Cadetes, 2022-07-01)Esta investigación replica el estudio de la influencia de los estilos de liderazgo en el comportamiento innovador de cadetes peruanos de Norena-Chavez et al. (2021), esta vez con oficiales de la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército del Perú. Se empleó una muestra aleatoria de 103 oficiales de mandos medios. Los datos se evaluaron mediante el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales utilizando mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). Se encontró una influencia estadísticamente significativa de los estilos de liderazgo estudiados sobre el comportamiento innovador de los oficiales, aunque con una mayor influencia mostrada por el estilo de liderazgo transformacional respecto al liderazgo transaccional. Esta investigación contribuye a profundizar la comprensión de la relación de los estilos de liderazgo y del comportamiento innovador en el ámbito militar. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Growth, innovation, and policy for chicken in Latin America 1961–2019(Wiley, 2022-03-24)Summary Motivation Latin America has witnessed massive increases in production and consumption of chicken meat over the last 60 years and well beyond its share of the developing world's population. Chicken is now a major source of livestock protein in regional diets; leads livestock production in 25 out of the region's 33 countries; production, slaughtering, and sales provide millions of jobs. Purpose To analyse growth rates for chicken meat in Latin America, why they have differed, how the role of innovation and development policies contributed to bringing about this growth, in turn leading to the patterns of governance of these activities today. Methods and approach This study used a modified value chain framework along with FAO statistics, national data, published and unpublished studies to analyse macro‐level developments and their linkages to shifts in the organization of activities in the value chain for chicken from pre‐production through to consumption and trade from past to present. Findings Different natural resource endowments, demographics, and dietary preferences combined with frequent innovations and an array of policy measures led to a spectacular surge in output and productivity, lower costs, and facilitated a steady rise in consumption. As part of that growth, these activities became increasingly concentrated in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru and within those countries in a few very large firms. Their operations expanded in the value chain beyond the farm gate, across the region, and in some cases around the world. Policy implications This paper has implications for greater transparency in grower contracts, better working conditions for slaughterhouse workers and bird catchers, more environmentally and bird‐friendly chicken production, accelerated adoption of practices as per Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems in the value chain for broilers in Latin America and the Caribbean, and improved enforcement of laws and regulations governing the technical and financial operations of value chains for chicken, along with renewed collaboration among government authorities to that effect. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Innovation Climate Scale: Psychometric analysis in Peruvian workers(Universidad Politecnica Salesiana, 2024-10-01)the changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic pushed organizations to attempt to remain current and competitive. Thus, the ability to respond to new demands and adapt to shifting conditions was an unavoidable requirement, which implies innovating in the development of their processes. In that sense, the growing importance of innovative work behaviors in the development of organizations has driven researchers to investigate mechanisms that foster such behaviors in workers. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Innovation Climate Scale (ICS). The instrumental study involved 273 Peruvian workers (50.916 % male) ranging in age between 22 and 76 years old (Mean = 45.224), employed for the most part in the private sector (75.092 %). The psychometric analysis explored item clarity and relevance by means of assessment by expert judges (content validity). Internal structure was assessed via confirmatory factorial analyses, both of oblique models and bi-factor. Finally, scoring reliability (alpha coefficient) and construct reliability (omega coefficient) were estimated. This study finds the ICS items to be clear and relevant, a greater empirical support for the unidimensional model as its internal structure, and an adequate reliability. In conclusion there is favorable evidence of validity and reliability for the application of the ICS in Peruvian companies as a useful tool to measure the innovative climate perceived by its workers, providing information for decision making and planning of innovation strategies and organizational creativity.