3. Producción
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Item type:Publication, Convergence from the periphery: developments in Peruvian media industry and the effects on the production markets(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento Académico de Comunicaciones, 2016)As a mid-sized economy with a sparse tradition of film and television production, Peru offers an interesting case to study media convergence, from an industrial as well as a digital perspective. Tracking the developments requires establishing a model for convergence that is appropriate for the specifics of a country like Peru, together with data collection considering a diverse and dispersed set of production houses working mostly for local distribution and consumption. This paper will analyze the patterns emerging and relate them to the discussion on convergence and developing media industries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Peru's Regional Growth and Convergence in 1979-2017: An Empirical Spatial Panel Data Analysis(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2019-03)This paper analyzes the process of spatial convergence of growth in Peruís 24 regions over 1979- 2017. We perform an exploratory analysis of spatial data with global and local statistics, such as Moran I, to provide empirical evidence of spatial dependencies in regional per capita GDP. We then estimate the convergence equation using spatial panel models that control for spatial heterogeneity and spatial interdependence, as well as other structural economic features at the regional level. The empirical results show that spatial convergence is a very reliable conclusion over this period, and prove that spatial regional per capita GDP spillovers play an essential role in determining growth at the local level. Furthermore, the Spatial Durbin model is preferred in the formation of four clusters of convergence. The Örst cluster is highly productive and dynamic; the second cluster is composed by Jungle and negative-productivity regions; the third cluster is formed by moderately productive and Coast regions; and the fourth cluster is composed by stagnating and Highland regions. Finally, these results may be instrumental in giving greater focus to long-run government policies targeting stagnant and poor regions. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Macro BIM Adoption Study in Peru(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Ingeniería, 2019)The “First Macro BIM Adoption Study in Peru” is the result of a collaboration between the BIMe Initiative and the School of Engineering of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. The findings of this report are intended to assist policymakers in defining policies, strategies, and plans for the diffusion of BIM at a market scale. From the BIMe Initiative, the project is led by Dr Bilal Succar of Change Agents, Australia, and Dr Mohamad Kassem of Northumbria University, United Kingdom. From the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, the project is led by Danny Murguía. More information about the BIMe Initiative Macro Adoption Project can be found at https://bimexcellence.org/projects/macro-adoption/ - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Mundell-Fleming Model: A Dirty Float Version(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2019)A popular model in the teaching of macroeconomics of open economies at the undergraduate level is the Mundell-Fleming (MF). This model assumes that there is free capital mobility and takes into account two extreme exchange rate regimes: fixed and freely floating. But there is a third regime, currently of relevance to many central banks, which is not addressed in the MF: one in which the central bank sets the short-term interest rate and maintains a dirty-float exchange-rate regime. In this paper, an MF with these characteristics is presented. It is a simple, practical and userfriendly model that can be used to address contemporary issues, making it suitable for central banks or the teaching of macroeconomics at undergraduate level as a complement ―or even a substitute― for the traditional MF. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Role of Loan Supply Shocks in Pacific Alliance Countries: A TVP-VAR-SV Approach(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-11)This paper analyzes the e§ect of loan supply shocks on the real economic activity of PaciÖc Alliance countries. The econometric approach is a Time-Varying Parameter VAR with Stochastic Volatility (TVP-VAR-SV), which is identiÖed by sign restrictions. Results of a trace test, t-tests and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test reveal the existence of signiÖcant changes in the distribution of parameters over time, which supports the use of time-varying parameters. The results indicate that loan supply shocks have an important impact on real economic activity in all PaciÖc Alliance countries: about 1% in Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, and about 0.5% in Chile. Moreover, loan supply shocks have a considerable role in driving business cycle áuctuations, not only in crisis periods, but also in stability periods. Their contribution to GDP growth is higher than that of aggregate supply shocks and as high as that of aggregate demand and monetary policy shocks. The evolution of the impact of loan supply shocks on real economic activity shows evidence of cross-country heterogeneity, reáecting di§erent Önancial structures among PaciÖc Alliance countries. Furthermore, by assessing the e§ects on di§erent measures of economic activity, it is estimated that loan supply shocks have a higher impact on domestic demand, while the impact is similar when the model is estimated for non-primary activities. Finally, the sensitivity analysis indicates that the results of the model are robust to di§erent priors speciÖcations, to di§erent measures of external variables, and to multiple sets of sign restrictions. Moreover, by applying an agnostic identiÖcation, the results indicate that even letting the response of GDP unrestricted, its response to loan supply shocks remains positive and signiÖcant. With this multiple speciÖcation, the impact of loan supply shocks on GDP growth ranges between 0.8% and 1.2% in Peru and Colombia, and between 0.5% and 0.8% in Chile. These results are close to the baseline estimation and show robustness. Regarding Mexico, it is estimated that the impact of loan supply shocks varies between 0.8%-3.5%. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, El espacio importa para el desarrollo humano: el caso peruano(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-06)Development—defined as the expansion of both the capabilities acquired by people and the opportunities available to them—occurs in spaces which actually exist; these spaces can foster or delay development and, consequently, restrict liberties. This paper explores the role that the geographical-social space plays in the human development of the different regions of Peru. We find that indeed space matters for human development. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, ¿Semillas mejoradas como escape de la pobreza? Evidencia cualitativa y cuantitativa para la sierra sur del Perú.(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-10)El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad esclarecer y cuantificar los potenciales efectos de la adopción de tecnologías agrícolas ―semillas mejoradas― en la reducción de la pobreza rural, enfocándose en los hogares productores a pequeña escala en los Andes peruanos del sur. Para ello se emplea un método de análisis basado en el ‘propensity score matching’ para hallar las relaciones causales del tratamiento. Los resultados indican que existe una relación robusta y significativa entre la adopción de dichas tecnologías y el bienestar de los agricultores, aunque estos resultados dependen en gran medida del tamaño de la parcela y de la proporción regada de la misma. Asimismo, la evidencia cualitativa indica que la asistencia técnica y capacitación (semillas y tecnificación del riego) deben de ser implementadas tomando en cuenta las características idiosincráticas y culturales de los poblados andinos, además de hacerlos parte del planteamiento de la solución al problema de la baja productividad agrícola. El reto de mitigar la pobreza debe pasar por un acompañamiento no solo durante el proceso de producción agrícola, sino también en el proceso de articulación al mercado y organización empresarial de los productores. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The importance of ports in the current global economy(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento Académico de Ciencias de la Gestión, 2019-04-03)Logistics is a central part of our every day’s life. We consume products and services that have been created in other countries and are delivered to us even from very far away at the lowest possible costs in the shortest time at the required quality. This note provides an insight into key areas of the global transportation network with ports being a crucial part connecting the waterside with the hinterland. It outlines major elements that need to be taken care of to maintain and enhance a smooth flow of goods and accompanying services able to fulfil our expectations. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Presidential Approval in Peru: An Empirical Analysis Using a Fractionally Cointegrated VAR(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía, 2019-12)Presidential approval in Peru depends on economic outcomes. However, voters are unable to distinguish between outcomes resulting from economic policies and those caused by exogenous shocks. Estimation results from seven Fractional Cointegrated VAR (FCVAR) models suggest that presidential approval increases with the monetary policy interest rate, the terms of trade, and manufacturing employment; and decreases with the nominal PEN/USD exchange rate and ináation volatility. Additionally, a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) conducted over a large set of macroeconomic indicators points to a greater ináuence of external over domestic factors in explaining presidential approval; i.e., economic outcomes that determine the dynamics of presidential approval are not under presidential control in Peru. It can be argued that these Öndings identify a signiÖcant source of political instability and a considerable challenge to democratic governance. To the authorsíbest knowledge, this is the Örst application of fractional cointegration analysis to political economy in Latin America - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, La apropiación de internet en adultos mayores: desafíos planteados por las economías informales en dos ciudades de América Latina.(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Departamento de Economía, 2018-10)A pesar de todos sus beneficios, el uso y la apropiación de Internet por adultos mayores sigue siendo menor en comparación de otros adultos. Pero los adultos mayores constituyen una categoría analítica bastante amplia, tanto por edad como por trayectoria previa. En este artículo, se hace énfasis en la historia laboral y educativa que configura una combinación de capitales económicos, culturales y sociales, a la Bordiex, para explicar el uso de internet y la intensidad de uso en los adultos mayores entre 60 y 75 años en Lima y el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Utilizando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, este artículo discutirá cómo los adultos mayores que se retiran de empleos de la economía informal se encuentran en desventaja en comparación a los que vienen de trabajos más calificados y demandantes. La exclusión de la sociedad de la información se extiende más allá de la jubilación para las personas que provienen de empleos menos productivos.
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