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Item type:Publication, Evaluating maternal sensitivity in rural Andean Peru: Situations and measures matter(American Psychological Association, 2024-12-30)The present study aimed to describe the level and nature of maternal sensitivity in an economically disadvantaged rural region in Peru, examining differences between measures and situations. Sixty-nine infant–mother dyads from rural Cusco, Peru, participated in this study. Maternal sensitivity was evaluated through the Ainsworth Sensitivity Scale and the Maternal BehaviorQ-Sort (MBQS; regular and short version) across three naturalistic episodes, namely, free interaction, bathing, and feeding. Almost the entire range of sensitivity levels was observed for both measures. On average, these mothers showed moderate sensitivity levels, mostly regardless of the measure and situation observed. Significant associationswere observed among the measures during episodes, ranging from moderate to high correlations, and differences between episodes were only found for the MBQS, with lower sensitivity scores during the feeding episode. In conclusion, all three situations and both measures have their strengths and weaknesses and can provide relevant information, particularly with samples rarely studied that we are just getting to know. However, basing the assessment only on the MBQS may not necessarily be the best choice. Selecting a more global sensitivity scale like the Ainsworth scale may be more pertinent for evaluating sensitivity cross-culturally, while the MBQS can facilitate understanding the relevance of specific predefined behaviors in particular contexts. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Maternal sensitivity and child attachment security in a low-SES Peruvian sample: Longitudinal relationships(Routledge, 2024-01-01)We tested the generalizability of the sensitivity-security link in a sample of 35 preschooler-mother dyads from a low socioeconomic district in Lima, Peru. We first describe maternal sensitivity and attachment security at two timepoints during early childhood. Second, we investigated the stability of attachment security and maternal sensitivity over a time span of one year. Third, we tested the association between sensitivity and security at each timepoint. Finally, we investigated whether changes in maternal sensitivity predict changes in child security. The results indicated that sensitivity and security were lower than scores reported in the literature for middle-class samples. T2 maternal sensitivity scores were significantly higher than T1 sensitivity scores, and no significant differences were found between T1 and T2 security. Sensitivity and security were associated at both timepoints, after controlling for socio-demographic variables. One-tail test indicated that changes in maternal sensitivity were associated with changes in child security. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Validation of the Spanish version of the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC) with Peruvian infants aged 6 to 18 months from socioeconomically vulnerable settings(Aitana Research Group, 2024-09-01)Validation of the Spanish version of the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC) with Peruvian infants aged 6 to 18 months from socioeconomically vulnerable settings. Difficulties in the socioemotional development of infants are associated with problems of adaptation to the social environment and greater probability of psychopathology during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Despite this, in the Latin American context there is no instrument available to assess such difficulties with infants, specially in socioeconomically vulnerable contexts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain evidence of internal validity of the Spanish versión of the Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist (BPSC; Sheldrick et al., 2013) in a sample of 1239 infants (50% females and 50% males) aged six to 18 months (M = 12.40, SD = 3.20). The infants came from urban and rural areas of Peru with high rates of socioeconomic vulnerability. In the overall sample, the exploratory factor analysis (KMO = .93, Bartlett’s Sphericity Test [66] = 28960.62, p < .001) and confirmatory factor analysis (χ2(51) = 254.58, p < .001, CFI = .97, RMSEA = .06 and SRMR = .03) results showed adequate internal structure validity with a three-factor solution which shows an appropriate reliability (α = .82-.84; ω = .81 - .87). In addition, the results of the analyses performed through exploratory factor analysis by age groups also revealed an adequate functioning of the scale in the 6- to 12-month and 12- to 18-month age groups.Thus, evidence is provided to support the use of the BPSC in studies conducted in Peru. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Father’s engagement in direct care is associated with children’s social competence for preschool boys but not girls in Peru(American Psychological Association, 2024-03-21)Evidence shows that fathers have an important role in child development, but few studies explore this influence in the Latin American context. This study aimed to contribute to bridge this gap by analyzing in a Peruvian urban, mainly middle socioeconomic sample, the associations between different dimensions of father engagement (i.e., interaction in direct care, teaching/discipline, and play activities) and children’s social adjustment (i.e., social competence, anxiety-withdrawal and anger-aggression) during the preschool years, while controlling for child’s age and parents’ education, and testing the interaction effects between father’s engagement and child’s gender. Two hundred three 2-parent families with preschool children (M = 52.82, SD = 10.06; 57.63% were girls) participated in the study. Multiple ordinary least squares regression models were conducted. Only for social competence, an interaction between father’s engagement in direct care and child’s gender (boys) was found. These results contribute to highlight the importance of fathers in domains traditionally associated with mothers in a Latin American context.