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Overlooked legacies: climate vulnerability and risk as incrementally constructed in the municipal drinking water system of Lima, Peru (1578–2017)
(Elsevier, 2021-03-05)
This article analyzes “not knowing” and overlooked or invisibilized information related to the drinking water system in Lima, Peru, a rapidly expanding megacity of the Global South in a region considered to be at high risk to climate related hazards. Within this system, unavailable, or disregarded information exists for a range of topics, from quantitative information about reservoir levels to more qualitative concerns about decision-making and administration. Currently, information made publicly available focuses on end users, specifically: census data on percent of homes connected to the municipal network and statistics comparing consumption patterns across neighborhoods. This deflects attention from topics related to water supply (expansion of urban hydraulic reach, infrastructure investment), and decision-making and control. However, this article considers a type of “not knowing” underlying all of the above, which is the forgotten or overlooked development of Lima's drinking water system over time. It presents results of a study of the history of this system from its origins in the 16th century through modernization in the early- and mid-20th century, concluding with infrastructure investment in the era of climate change. It focuses on continuities in the spatial orientation of water infrastructure as well as long-term conflicts over its administration, to demonstrate how the current system is the result of a centuries-long process of accretion, rather than a system designed to serve the current urban population. Finally, it concludes with a discussion of the significance of this infrastructural and conceptual inertia for understandings of Lima's water risk and vulnerability.
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Grand challenges in urban agriculture: ecological and social approaches to transformative sustainability
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021-04-09)
SPECIALTY GRAND CHALLENGE article Front. Sustain. Food Syst., 09 April 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.668561
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Narrating from landscape in Andean archaeology: the problem with the suni natural region
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022-06-01)
Archaeologists use the landscape to explain the past, often referring to traditional or indigenous knowledge to better understand that landscape. But how is this analogical process performed, and how is indigenous knowledge understood and recorded? This article examines Peruvian geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal’s concept of suni—a term with several definitions in Aymara and Quechua, but which was transformed by Pulgar Vidal into a “Natural Region,” in other words a meaningful portion of the landscape—as an entry point into this broader issue. Suni is important because it is a poorly defined part of a wider Andean landscape model supposedly based on indigenous knowledge and because it is commonly used by archaeologists to explain precolonial land use and landscapes. Through analysis of the creation and application of suni, we define major challenges faced by archaeologists when interpreting sites and materials in landscape perspective and present suggestions for moving forward.
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Entangled Pathways of the Plantationocene: Early Colonial Monocropping, Subaltern Agrobiodiversity, and Aridity in Andalus (Spain) and Coastal Peru
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-12-10)
The long-term (AD 1300–1800), multi-scale interactions of monocropping and subaltern agri-food systems of Andalus (Spain) and coastal Peru reveal the entangled transformations of the Plantationocene. Historically convergent colonial monocultures (wheat, sugar, cotton, sheep, cattle) entangled with the divergence and plurality of resilient yet precarious diverse-food affordances of subaltern groups (peasants, indigenous people, enslaved persons, Mudejares, Moriscos). Using political ecology, the comparative cases illuminate how Plantationocene colonial entanglements were shaped through spatial movements and social-environmental affordances of biota, populations, and institutions. New empirical understanding and a novel conceptual and analytical framework offer insight into Plantationocene pathways, alternatives, and struggles.
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The Global Greenhouse Boom: Emerging Geographies of Agri-Food Intensification in the Plantationocene
(Wiley, 2025-04-01)
The global greenhouse boom is central to the accelerating intensification of agri‐food systems. Perspectives and principles of critical agrarian studies, the Plantationocene, and environment‐society geography are used to offer a novel approach to the global greenhouse boom. Case studies of leading greenhouse countries (Spain, China, Morocco, Mexico) illustrate distinctive dynamics that have developed during recent decades. The perspectives and case studies are used to suggest insights and themes for future research. These center on the volumetric enclosures of the greenhouse boom, sociotechnical assemblages linked to long‐distance market chains through transportation networks and new infrastructure, agrarian transformations of rural depopulation and national‐international labor migration, spatial clustering fueled by land and water rushes that concentrate on the periurban territory of extended urbanization, and the marginalized food systems and precarity of greenhouse workers. Insights from the global greenhouse boom suggest the disruption of prevailing ideas of the geographic trajectories of global land‐use intensification. The emergent new geographies of the global greenhouse boom abound with timely opportunities and well‐suited challenges for future geographic research that is engaged with sustainability and justice.
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