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Item type:Publication, 2017 Coastal El Niño in Peru: an opportunity to analyze the influence of hazard mitigation plans on local resilience(Elsevier, 2021-01-01)This research proposes an ex post methodology for analyzing the influence of Hazard Mitigation Plans in the level of resilience in localities affected by an extreme event. For verifying its applicability, the case of heavy rainfalls of the 2017 coastal El Niño event in Peru is analyzed. The methodology consists of two analysis levels. The first one correlates the quality of existing plans with damages and recovery rapidity. The second analysis level focuses on one sample of the localities selected for performing a deeper qualitative-territorial analysis. The methodology applicability was verified, and we determined that the reduction of direct damages after an event is correlated to the existence of actions such as land use regulation and the structural reinforcement. Moreover, the identification of those responsible for these processes, the verification of possible financing funds and the estimation of intervention costs positively influence on the reconstruction rapidity. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Vulnerabilities and exposure of recent informal urban areas in Lima, Peru(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-10-01)Urban areas are experiencing rapid growth, accompanied by significant disorder in Lima Metropolitan area and many other cities in South America. Due to decades of uncontrolled construction practices, it is imperative to identify and better understand the types of informalities prevalent in these recent urban areas. Addressing this lack of information is crucial for implementing appropriate countermeasures and developing new policies that benefit the communities residing in such areas. It is worth noting that understanding disaster risk aligns with the first priority of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. In this study, we propose the use of radar satellite imagery recorded by the Sentinel-1 constellation since 2017 to identify clusters of urban growth in Lima Metropolitan area. Then, the informal urban clusters can be depicted by visual inspection of the last recorded high-resolution optical image. With good spatial and temporal resolution, we identified 25 clusters informal areas. Among our findings, we observed that several of these clusters are situated in landfills comprised of construction and other waste, increasing their vulnerability to debris flow, landslides, and earthquakes. Additionally, we noted that some new urban areas mainly consist of temporarily empty houses, highlighting the feasibility of implementing countermeasures, such as relocations, in the early stages of informal occupation. These results underscore the significant contribution of satellite radar imagery in identifying recent informal urban areas. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Spatial analysis for water supply in seismic emergencies: The Lima–Callao metropolitan area(Frontiers Media SA, 2024-01-01)In urban areas exposed to high-magnitude earthquakes, the drinking water supply would be severely damaged, and domestic services would be disrupted for a large part of the population in the event of an earthquake. The Lima-Callao metropolitan area in Peru, South America, is expected to experience an 8.8 Mw earthquake, and it is estimated that approximately 90% of the population would not have immediate access to emergency water in the case of such an event. The main objective of this paper is to define criteria for a spatial analysis method to guide the design criteria for an Emergency Water Supply System (EWaSS). Methods: This paper combines territorial, urban resilience and participatory approaches and presents the results of an interdisciplinary research with social impact. Thus, it examines the urban territory at macro-, meso- and micro scales; physical-spatial variables indicating risk levels and possible public spaces to implement the system; and socio-spatial variables regarding the population, risk perception and participation in management to strengthen urban resilience. Normative tools and the Geographic Information System are used to spatialize and systematize quantitative and qualitative information. Results and discussion: The EWaSS is an alternative for safe water supply in a post-disaster situation that would provide immediate and autonomous operation during the first 72 h of the emergency. The results show the physical-spatial and social viability of urbanized areas and the system design criteria that guide local actors in making decisions at the three levels of emergency management. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Spatial Relations in Population Dispersion and Territorial Structure. Sondondo Valley, Ayacucho, Peru(Universidad del Rosario, 2023-01-01)The dispersed population occupation is supported by a territorial structure and is explained by relationships in a vertical space, in contexts of minor cities close to rural resources, as in Sondondo valley, Ayacucho. We study (i) the demographic characteristics of dispersed occupation in its spatial relationships with networks of territorial structure, and (ii) the types of displacements in their spatial and scalar relationships; both enable socioeconomic, cultural and management dynamics of extensive areas. This exploratory research seeks to approximate a methodology that values the spatial relationships in the forms of dispersed population occupation and the understanding of its vertical space complexity, as an alternative to standardized planning in smaller cities, which fragments the support that still makes this population dispersion possible. It is identified that the population is dispersed with forms of spatial grouping and territorial articulation pondering a sense of efficiency. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Urbanización y medioambiente: claves para el debate desde América Latina(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-11-24)In a global context of generalized urbanization, Latin America is characterized by its high rate of urban population, persistent inequality, and vulnerability to climate change. This article offers a panoramic introduction to the relationship between urbanization and environment, emphasizing the importance of expanding and giving greater attention to this agenda within urban studies. The topics discussed do not exhaust the field, but rather suggest possible research pathways. Moreover, the text helps situate the studies included in this issue of the journal.3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Semi-Supervised Segmentation for Mapping Urban Expansion and Hazard Exposure in Lima, Peru(2026-01-22)Abstract. Urban expansion in rapidly growing cities increases exposure to natural hazards but remains difficult to monitor in regions with limited data. This challenge is amplified in places such as Metropolitan Lima, where global datasets of urban areas lack precision along complex and rapidly changing city boundaries. As a result, recent growth in informal and peripheral zones is not well defined. This study introduces a practical application of a semi-supervised mapping approach that combines satellite imagery with partially labeled information and targeted manual refinement to identify new built-up areas in Metropolitan Lima from 2016 to 2025. The method improves the detection of small and fragmented structures, including emerging informal settlements that global datasets frequently miss. Results show that Metropolitan Lima expanded by approximately 76 km2 during the study period. A portion of this growth occurred in coastal zones exposed to tsunamis, in areas with medium to high landslide susceptibility, and on soil types where strong ground shaking is amplified during large earthquakes. These findings highlight the continued concentration of people and infrastructure in hazard-prone terrain. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ciudades mineras e industriales y sus conectividades territoriales en Brasil y Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-07-24)2