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Author: search.filters.author.Laura MarinLanguage: search.filters.language.English

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    Prediction of Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence by Using Discretization Supports the Critical Contribution of the Extra-Cellular Matrix Genes
    (Nature Research, 2023-12-01)
    Due to its complexity, much effort has been devoted to the development of biomarkers for prostate cancer that have acquired the utmost clinical relevance for diagnosis and grading. However, all of these advances are limited due to the relatively large percentage of biochemical recurrence (BCR) and the limited strategies for follow up. This work proposes a methodology that uses discretization to predict prostate cancer BCR while optimizing the necessary variables. We used discretization of RNA-seq data to increase the prediction of biochemical recurrence and retrieve a subset of ten genes functionally known to be related to the tissue structure. Equal width and equal frequency data discretization methods were compared to isolate the contribution of the genes and their interval of action, simultaneously. Adding a robust clinical biomarker such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) improved the prediction of BCR. Discretization allowed classifying the cancer patients with an accuracy of 82% on testing datasets, and 75% on a validation dataset when a five-bin discretization by equal width was used. After data pre-processing, feature selection and classification, our predictions had a precision of 71% (testing dataset: MSKCC and GSE54460) and 69% (Validation dataset: GSE70769) should the patients present BCR up to 24 months after their final treatment. These results emphasize the use of equal width discretization as a pre-processing step to improve classification for a limited number of genes in the signature. Functionally, many of these genes have a direct or expected role in tissue structure and extracellular matrix organization. The processing steps presented in this study are also applicable to other cancer types to increase the speed and accuracy of the models in diverse datasets.
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    Prediction of biochemical prostate cancer recurrence from any Gleason score using robust tissue structure and clinically available information
    (Springer Nature, 2025-12-01)
    Biopsy information and protein Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels are the most robust information available to oncologists worldwide to diagnose and decide therapies for prostate cancer patients. However, prostate cancer presents a high risk of recurrence, and the technologies used to evaluate it demand more complex resources. This paper aims to predict Biochemical Recurrence (BCR) based on Whole Slide Images (WSI) of biopsies, Gleason scores, and PSA levels. A U-net model was used to segment phenotypic features and trained on images from the Prostate Cancer Grade Assessment (PANDA) database to segment tumorous regions from pre-processed and scored WSI of biopsies. Then, the model was tested on data from publicly available repositories achieving an Intersection over Union of 87%. Tissue features, Gleason scores, and PSA levels provided high accuracy and precision in classifying patients according to their risk of presenting recurrence, for any Gleason score sampled. The trained classifier model demonstrated a 79.2% relative accuracy, and a precision of 69.7% for patients experiencing recurrences before 24 months. Our results provide a robust, cost-efficient approach using already available information to predict the risk of BCR.
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