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Author: search.filters.author.Hellen López ValladaresSubject: search.filters.subject.Sanitation

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    A qualitative study on resource barriers facing scaled container-based sanitation service chains
    (IWA Publishing, 2022-03-01)
    Container-based sanitation (CBS) is an increasingly recognised form of off-grid sanitation provision appropriate for impoverished urban environments. To ensure a safely managed and sustainable service, a managing organisation must implement a service chain that performs robustly and cost-effectively, even with an expanding customer base. These ‘CBS operators’ adopt varying approaches to achieve this objective. Following research including interviews with representatives from six current CBS operators, this paper presents a generalised diagrammatic model of a CBS service chain and discusses the three broad thematic challenges currently faced by these organisations. Supplying cover material is a universal problem with hidden challenges when taking advantage of freely available resources. There is no universally applicable approach for the efficient collection of faecal waste despite the high labour costs of waste collection. The best strategy depends on the CBS operator's overall expansion strategy and the location of fixed features within the served community. Although CBS is technically well-suited to being turned into new products within the circular economy, in practice, this requires a diverse range of skills from CBS operators and is hampered by slow growth in other organic waste recovery services and unhelpful regulation.
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    Does container-based sanitation align with sanitation sectoral planning in Lima?
    (IWA Publishing, 2025-11-01)
    The paper explores the potential of Container-Based Sanitation (CBS) as an off-grid sanitation option in addressing extreme sanitation inequalities in informal urban settlements in Lima, Perú. It achieves this by evaluating the conflicting and political tensions within the formal and informal structures of state public service provision in Lima using qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with government officials, third-sector organizations, citizens of informal urban settlements, and academia. The paper argues that although the CBS provision has high social acceptability among its users within Lima's informal settlements, the state of Lima's fragmented sanitation sector regime hinders the possibility of scaling sanitation innovations. In Lima, scaling up CBS among informal settlements remains challenging as conventional sewerage is prioritised in WASH policy discourse and implementation. Even for CBS users, the technology was seen as a stopgap solution until they finally access sewered sanitation provided by the state, mainly because of the state's inability to fully address wastewater challenges and the assumption that conventional sewerage will eventually arrive.
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