3. Producción

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Reformas en sociedades desiguales. La experiencia peruana
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2001)
First world countries are not only richer but also more egalitarian compared to the countries of the third world. Why this situation of the world economy is maintained, even in this period of increased globalization? What kind of reforms are needed so that the two groups of countries may converge? This book seeks answers to both questions. The author presents a new theory, a general theory of capitalism in its various forms: the theory of exclusion. This theory explains why the liberal reforms that have been implemented nearly worldwide in recent decades have not had the expected effects. The book examines the Peruvian experience to show, specifically, that the mechanisms that produce and reproduce inequality -the exclusion-mechanisms- cannot be changed through neo-liberal reforms. Nor through reforms that increase the relative weight of the state. To reduce inequality, which is the ultimate cause of social instability, and thus lay the foundation for sustained economic growth, other reforms are needed.