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Author: search.filters.author.Felipe IrarrázavalLanguage: search.filters.language.English

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    Natural gas revenues, subnational politics, and agrarian change in Peru and Bolivia
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022-09-01)
    The literature about natural resources and development has largely described states’ failure to translate large resource endowments into sustainable development. Consequently, terms like resource curse or Dutch disease have become widely accepted. However, the literature examining this process at the subnational level has been less conclusive regarding the local effects, such as economic diversification. It is therefore pertinent to examine the contextual conditions underpinning both the expenditure of resource rents at the subnational level and the effects of such expenditures on economic diversification, particularly on the agrarian sector. To do so, this contribution deploys a comparative analysis between the Tarija department in Bolivia and La Convencion province in Peru. Both are hydrocarbon-rich areas in which subnational governments received massive amounts of resource rents. A deep examination based on qualitative and quantitative data permits the affirmation that whereas similar place-specific conditions boosted a massive investment of resource rents into public infrastructure, the composition of the agrarian sector defined a different trajectory in each case. While the strong peasant organization of Tarija obtained a direct transfer of resource rents, the transfer of those rents to the peasants in La Convencion was only through wages conditioned to work in the construction sector. As such, resource rents undermined the agrarian sector in La Convencion, while in Tarija the sector remained stable and potentially stronger in the long run.
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    Chile at the Green Window of Opportunity: The Troubled Road to New Productive Capabilities
    (De Gruyter, 2025-12-01)
    This article examines how Chile is navigating the global energy transition, with a focus on the resurgence of industrial policy. While developed countries have led this transformation–through policies such as the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act and the EU's Green Industrial Plan–peripheral economies are also strategically positioning themselves in the evolving global economy. Chile's comparative advantages in critical minerals and renewable energy place the country at the forefront of Latin American green growth initiatives. In contrast to long-held neoliberal policy beliefs, the last three governments have introduced strategies aimed at either developing strategic sectors for the energy transition, such as green hydrogen and lithium, or decarbonizing existing operations, such as copper, while simultaneously enhancing new productive capabilities. This contribution examines policy instruments across different segments (upstream, downstream, and offstream) of the green hydrogen and lithium value chains, with a particular focus on the development of new productive capabilities. By analyzing Chile's new industrial policy and its associated political-economic challenges, the article provides insights into how peripheral economies can leverage their resource endowments to engage in the reconfiguration of global value chains during the energy transition.
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