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Item type:Publication, Constraints between concurrence and polarization for mixed states subjected to open system dynamics(American Physical Society, 2022-06-01)Entanglement and polarization are mutually constrained by the relationship ${C}^{2}+{P}^{2}=1$, which engages the concurrence $C$ of a pure, two-qubit state and the degree of polarization $P$ of either of its two subsystems. How the above constraint generalizes for mixed states is an open question. We address mixed, two-qubit states of the $X$ type, i.e., those whose density matrix has nonzero elements only in the two main diagonals. We focus on mixed states that arise out of a pure, two-qubit state that is subjected to either the amplitude damping channel or the depolarizing channel. We derive alternative constraints for concurrence and polarization and test them experimentally with polarization-entangled photons. We argue that our theoretical results hold also for classical light, whenever two binary degrees of freedom can be entangled. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Role of weak values in strong measurements(American Physical Society, 2022-04-01)The physical meaning of the quantum weak value still remains a matter of debate. Originally introduced by Aharonov et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1351 (1988)0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1351.] as another counterintuitive feature of quantum mechanics, it eventually evolved into a practical tool that is widely used. The theoretical framework in which weak values were introduced was given by von Neumann's model of quantum measurements. In this model, a system is submitted to measurement by coupling it to a "pointer,"or meter. In the weak-coupling regime, one may perform a low-order Taylor expansion for the evolution operator of the system and meter. This standard approach ties weak values with weak couplings and weak measurements. We report closed-form expressions that can be used to untie weak values from weak measurements. The regime of strong measurements thereby becomes accessible to weak values, without leaving the framework in which the latter were originally introduced. The reported results should also help us to better understand the physical meaning of weak values.