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Item type:Publication, Financial development, financial inclusion and informality: New international evidence(World Scientific, 2022-09-01)This paper explores the empirical relationship between informality and several indicators of financial development (FD) and financial inclusion (FI). We exploit a panel of 152 countries with annual information between 1991 and 2017. Using panel cointegration techniques, we find evidence of a negative long-run relationship between informality and FD/FI for different groups of countries. Moreover, exogeneity tests indicate that some FD/FI indicators cause less informality. Specifically, we find that in developing countries FD reduces informality when measured as “financial credit” and “bank credit”, whereas FI reduces informality when measured as “number of bank accounts”. These results suggest that higher credit and more bank accounts have contributed to reducing informality in developing countries in the long run. Additionally, we find evidence of double causality between informality and other FD/FI indicators in developing and Latin American countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The effect of infrastructure investment on tourism demand: a synthetic control approach for the case of Kuelap, Peru(Springer Science+Business Media, 2022-12-01)In this paper we estimate the effect of infrastructure investment on tourism demand. For this purpose, we analyse the case of the Kuelap Archaeological Complex (Peru), which became more attractive and accessible following the construction of Peru’s first cable car system and the redevelopment of a nearby airport located in the city of Jaen. In order to estimate the effect of this infrastructure investment package on the number of visitors to Kuelap, we construct a synthetic control using characteristics from several archaeological sites in Peru similar to Kuelap. This synthetic control allows us to estimate the potential number of visits to Kuelap had the infrastructure investment package not been made. Thus, the causal effect is the difference between the actual visits to Kuelap and the ones to the synthetic control. The results show that the number of visits to Kuelap increased by approximately 100% in the wake of the infrastructure investment package. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Effect of Anticipated and Unanticipated Government Spending Shocks: The case of Peru *(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2025-01-01)1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Queens over Kings: Gender and Socioeconomic Predictors of Competitive Chess Performance among Peruvian Youth(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2025-01-01)1