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Item type:Publication, Wetland spirits and indigenous knowledge: implications for the conservation of wetlands in the Peruvian Amazon(Elsevier, 2021-01-01)Globally, the importance of indigenous and local knowledge systems for science, policy, environmental conservation and the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples is increasingly being recognised. The Amazon region in particular is home to many indigenous peoples who have conserved their cultural traditions and knowledge, despite growing threats to the environment and traditional lifestyles and cultures. Based on insights from ethnographic research in three indigenous communities, here we present a case study on the indigenous knowledge of the Urarina people of the Chambira Basin in the Peruvian Amazon and its implications for conservation. We describe, for the first time, a series of anthropomorphic and territorial “wetland spirits”, who are associated with particular wetland ecosystems and range in character from the benign to outright aggressive. Their presence may indirectly benefit conservation of wetlands, as humans fear or respect these wetland spirits and adapt their behaviour accordingly. While benign spirits may be seen as positive models to follow, aggressive spirits may deter unsustainable harvesting of resources through fear of disease or death. However, their cultural status is not adequately captured by such rational-scientific explanations. Wetland spirits are important characters within the indigenous cosmos of humans and non-humans, which is built on a relational, rather than extractive model of connecting humans and nature. We discuss our findings in the context of wider conceptual debates on recognising relational ontologies in environmental policy and conservation, the paradigm of biocultural conservation, as well as their implications for land titling, and incorporating indigenous perspectives in local education. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The primacy of the inner self in decision-making preferences across cultures(2024-04-14)We investigated the universality versus cultural specificity of preferences for internal decision-making strategies (intuition/deliberation) over external strategies (advice from friends or crowds). Participants from samples spanning five continents (N=3,517), including Indigenous communities, considered scenarios involving personal and social decision-making. Across cultures, most participants preferred and felt better using internal strategies, although they believed their peers would seek external advice, revealing a discrepancy between personal preferences and perceived group norms. While internal strategies were generally favored in each culture, the magnitude of internal endorsement varied: individualists and those with a higher need for cognition favored internal strategies more, whereas collectivists and those with an outsider view reflective style favored them somewhat less. These findings challenge the traditional view of non-Western cultures as predominantly advice-following and have implications for understanding the interplay between individual and social learning, and for the design of decision-support systems in different societies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Dimensions of wisdom perception across twelve countries on five continents(Nature Research, 2024-12-01)Wisdom is the hallmark of social judgment, but how people across cultures recognize wisdom remains unclear—distinct philosophical traditions suggest different views of wisdom’s cardinal features. We explore perception of wise minds across 16 socio-economically and culturally diverse convenience samples from 12 countries. Participants assessed wisdom exemplars, non-exemplars, and themselves on 19 socio-cognitive characteristics, subsequently rating targets’ wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. Analyses reveal two positively related dimensions—Reflective Orientation and Socio-Emotional Awareness. These dimensions are consistent across the studied cultural regions and interact when informing wisdom ratings: wisest targets—as perceived by participants—score high on both dimensions, whereas the least wise are not reflective but moderately socio-emotional. Additionally, individuals view themselves as less reflective but more socio-emotionally aware than most wisdom exemplars. Our findings expand folk psychology and social judgment research beyond the Global North, showing how individuals perceive desirable cognitive and socio-emotional qualities, and contribute to an understanding of mind perception. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Navigating Shifting Waters: Subjectivity, Oil Extraction, and Urarina Territorial Strategies in the Peruvian Amazon(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-11-01)This paper examines the relationships between extractive infrastructure, changing territorial strategies, and contemporary processes of subject formation among the Urarina, an indigenous people in the Peruvian Amazon. We first introduce the uneven and combined character of oil extraction in the Loreto region in north-eastern Peru, and how its racialised spatial contradictions are expressed in the ethnopolitical field that gives political form to regional extractive operations. The paper goes on to analyse the case of the Urarina people in the Chambira river basin, their particular place in the geography of extraction, and the case of the community of Nueva Union. We examine contemporary processes of subject formation in the community, which combine radical transformations in the role of money, territorial strategies, use and valuation of the environment, and changes in political structure, in non-linear ways. The paper closes by examining how the case of the community of Nueva Union sheds light on broader dynamics of subject formation, localised relations to the environment, and extraction as they play out in contemporary indigenous Amazonia. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Dimensions of Wisdom Perception Across Twelve Countries on Five Continents(2023-04-12)Wisdom is the hallmark of social judgment, but how people across cultures recognize wisdom remains unclear—distinct philosophical traditions suggest different views of wisdom’s cardinal features. We explore perception of wise minds across 16 socio-economically and culturally diverse convenience samples from 12 countries. Participants assessed wisdom exemplars, non-exemplars, and themselves on 19 socio-cognitive characteristics, subsequently rating targets’ wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. Analyses reveal two positively related dimensions—Reflective Orientation and Socio-Emotional Awareness. These dimensions are consistent across cultures and interact when informing wisdom ratings: wisest targets—as perceived by participants—score high on both dimensions, whereas the least wise are not reflective but moderately socio-emotional. Additionally, individuals view themselves as less reflective but more socio-emotionally aware than most wisdom exemplars. Our findings expand folk psychology and social judgment research beyond the Global North, showing how individuals and cultures perceive desirable cognitive and socio-emotional qualities, and contribute to an understanding of mind perception. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Decision-making preferences for intuition, deliberation, friends or crowds in independent and interdependent societies(Royal Society, 2025-08-13)Err:5081