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Item type:Publication, Cronyism as a Coping Strategy: How Do Female Academics Deal with the Lack of Emancipative Support?(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023-06-16)Purpose This paper aims to explore how female academics use cronyism to cope with the lack of emancipative support resulting from their intense teaching and research duties, poor representation at senior administrative levels and their exhausting familial commitments. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 female academics working full-time at four public universities in Egypt. Findings The findings showed that the low action resources (considering their unreasonable teaching loads, research requirements and supervision engagements), emancipative values (the unfair representation of female academics at senior administrative levels) and civic entitlement (universities not serious about promoting gender equality) are perceived by female academics as a lack of empowerment that necessitates their adoption of cronyism as their main coping strategy. Moreover, in male-dominated societies, female academics who do not have the power to shape their work-related status tend to use undesirable behaviours such as cronyism to mitigate the negative consequences of the shocks they encounter. Originality/value This paper contributes by filling a gap in human resources management in which empirical studies on the relationship between cronyism, emancipation and career shocks have been limited so far. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Why is self-employment not perceived by senior women as a priority? A North African experience(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-10-30)This study aims to explore the reasons why self-employment is not prioritized by senior women within the Egyptian context. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected through semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of 36 senior women who engaged in entrepreneurial activities for a period following their retirement but subsequently ceased to retain access to their pensions. The data were analyzed using the Gioia methodology to systematically identify key patterns and themes emerging from the interviews. Findings The authors revealed three main categories of barriers that discourage senior women from pursuing self-employment: personal barriers, including excess weight, impatience and aversion to social media applications; economic barriers, such as reliance on state pensions and insufficient capital to initiate business ventures; and socio-cultural barriers, encompassing traditional gender roles and shifting priorities toward religious practices. These factors collectively contribute to the widespread overlooking of self-employment opportunities among senior women in Egypt. Originality/value The originality of this research lies in its identification of often-overlooked obstacles, namely, physical health challenges, religious commitments and entrenched gender norms, that significantly impede entrepreneurial intentions among women over the age of 60 in Egypt. By highlighting the stark divergence between the entrepreneurial reluctance of Egyptian senior women and the increasing self-employment trends observed among older populations in Western societies, this paper offers a culturally nuanced reevaluation of senior women's entrepreneurship within the North African context.3